News Release

BEA 07-36

Personal Income for Metropolitan Areas, 2006

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EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 8:30 A.M. ET, Tuesday, August 7, 2007

David G. Lenze (202) 606–9292
Kathy Albetski (202) 606–9240 BEA 07—36
E–mail inquiries: reis.remd@bea.gov

 

Personal Income for Metropolitan Areas, 2006

Personal income growth accelerated in 2006 in most of the nation's metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs), according to estimates released today by the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis. The faster growth was spurred by the property income and compensation components of personal income. Compensation growth in most private industries, including durable goods manufacturing and professional services, accelerated, while compensation growth at all levels of government, especially the military, slowed.

Personal income grew 6.6% in the metropolitan portion of the U.S. in 2006 up from 5.3% in 2005. Personal income growth accelerated in 252 of the nation's 363 MSAs.

Chart of distribution of personal income growth rates

Some of the largest accelerations were in the Gulf Coast MSAs–New Orleans, Lake Charles, Houma, and Lafayette, Louisiana; Gulfport and Hattiesburg, Mississippi; and Mobile, Alabama–recovering from Hurricane Katrina.

The biggest slowdowns in personal income growth were in MSAs with large army and marine corps bases–Jacksonville and Fayetteville, North Carolina; Clarksville, Tennessee; Hinesville and Columbus, Georgia; and Killeen, Texas–all of which had very large personal income increases in 2005. Military compensation at the bases in these MSAs (which train, mobilize, and deploy troops, among other things) had grown at very high, double digit rates from 2003 to 2005 because of the Iraq and Afghanistan wars and slowed to single digit growth (or decline in the case of Hinesville) last year.

Contribution of Compensation Growth to Percent Change in Personal Income by Industry, Metropolitan Portion of the US, 2005 and 2006
(percentage points)
  2005 2006 Difference
Note.—An industrys contribution to percent change in personal income equals the dollar change in that industry's compensation by personal income in the previous year times 100.
All Industries 3.90 4.68 0.78
Farm 0.01 0.01 0.00
Forestry, fishing, related activities, and other 0.01 0.01 0.00
Mining 0.06 0.07 0.01
Utilities 0.01 0.01 0.00
Construction 0.34 0.44 0.10
Durable goods 0.22 0.36 0.14
Nondurable goods 0.10 0.10 0.00
Wholesale trade 0.24 0.34 0.10
Retail trade 0.19 0.19 0.00
Transportation and warehousing 0.09 0.13 0.04
Information 0.05 0.15 0.10
Finance and insurance 0.38 0.50 0.12
Real estate and rental and leasing 0.08 0.09 0.01
Professional and technical services 0.50 0.63 0.13
Management of companies and enterprises 0.16 0.12 -0.04
Administrative and waste services 0.21 0.21 0.00
Educational services 0.07 0.08 0.01
Health care and social assistance 0.38 0.44 0.06
Arts, entertainment, and recreation 0.02 0.06 0.04
Accommodation and food services 0.11 0.15 0.04
Other services, except public administration 0.06 0.10 0.04
Federal, civilian 0.09 0.06 -0.03
Military 0.10 0.02 -0.08
State and local 0.43 0.41 -0.02

Construction was particularly robust in the MSAs with the fastest population growth–St. George, Utah; Bend, Oregon; Cape Coral, Florida; Myrtle Beach, South Carolina; and Baton Rouge, Louisiana. Population in these MSAs grew by at least 4.8%, almost five times as fast as the metropolitan portion of the nation. The one exception is Palm Coast, Florida which had the fastest population growth in the nation (9.3%) yet whose construction sector contributed only 0.1% point to personal income growth.

The construction sector in the Gulf Coast MSAs recovering from Hurricane Katrina also made substantial contributions to their personal income growth, in some cases contributing more than 2 percentage points. For all metropolitan areas combined, the construction sector contributed only 0.4 % point to personal income growth.

Most of the MSAs where construction subtracted from personal income growth were in the Great Lakes states (Michigan, Ohio, Indiana, Illinois and Wisconsin).

Per capita personal income. Per capita personal income growth rates ranged from 90% in New Orleans to –0.1% in Hinesville, Georgia. Per capita personal income growth is a measure which highlights differences in economic conditions across MSAs by removing the effect of differential population growth rates.

Most of the MSAs with the fastest per capita personal income growth had a relatively large mining sector (including oil and gas extraction) or a relatively large manufacturing sector that processes petroleum. Coincidentally, these MSAs include many along the Gulf Coast that are recovering from Hurricane Katrina–New Orleans, Lake Charles, Houma, and Lafayette, Louisiana and Pascagoula, Mississippi. The other MSAs are primarily in Texas, (Odessa, Midland, Beaumont, Victoria, Longview, Wichita Falls, and Abilene) but also include Tulsa and Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Casper, Wyoming; and Farmington, New Mexico.

The growth in the mining sector had ripple effects on other industries in these MSAs, particularly construction. The construction sector contributed at least 2 percentage points to per capita income growth in Odessa and Beaumont, Texas.

Several of the slowest growing MSAs in terms of per capita personal income were in southern California and Arizona. These MSAs (Merced, Madera, El Centro, and Visalia, California and Yuma, Arizona) have large farming sectors that declined in 2006. Metropolitan areas generate about one–half of all farm income in the U.S.

Accelerated MSA estimates

The 2006 accelerated estimates of personal income for metropolitan areas in this news release represent an acceleration of one month over last year's publication schedule, which in turn had been accelerated seven months. This acceleration has been a major goal in BEA's strategic plan for the regional program. In the past, MSA personal income for 2006 would not have been published until April 2008 as part of the local area personal income release. The accelerated availability of key source data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics enabled BEA to speed up the production of its own estimates. In addition, MSA personal income is prepared in less detail than local area personal income and extrapolations are used for various income components for which source data are lacking. The personal income estimates for 2006 are entirely consistent with estimates for earlier years released last April.

Definitions

Personal income is the income received by all persons from all sources. Personal income is the sum of net earnings by place of residence, rental income of persons, personal dividend income, personal interest income, and personal current transfer receipts. Net earnings is earnings by place of work (the sum of wage and salary disbursements (payrolls), supplements to wages and salaries, and proprietors' income) less contributions for government social insurance, plus an adjustment to convert earnings by place of work to a place–of–residence basis. Personal income is measured before the deduction of personal income taxes and other personal taxes and is reported in current dollars (no adjustment is made for price changes).

Per capita personal income is calculated as the personal income of residents of a given area divided by the resident population of the area. In computing per capita personal income, BEA uses the Census Bureau's annual midyear population estimates.

The metropolitan area definitions used by BEA for its entire series of personal income estimates are the county–based definitions developed by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) for federal statistical purposes and last updated in December 2006. OMB's general concept of a metropolitan area is that of a geographic area consisting of a large population nucleus together with adjacent communities having a high degree of economic and social integration with the nucleus. Personal income and per capita personal income estimates for the 363 metropolitan areas are shown in Table 1.

Note about data on the BEA Web site

The complete set of accelerated metropolitan area income estimates for 2006, as well as previously published estimates for 1969–2005, is now available interactively on BEA's Web site. Detailed annual estimates of compensation of employees by industry and components of personal income are available. Currently, these estimates are the only detailed, broadly inclusive, annual measures of economic activity available for metropolitan areas. To access these estimates, go to www.bea.gov/bea/regional/reis/.

Data on personal income and per capita personal income for BEA metropolitan areas will be presented in the September issue of the Survey of Current Business, the monthly journal of the Bureau of Economic Analysis.

BEA's national, international, regional, and industry estimates; the Survey of Current Business; and BEA news releases are available without charge on BEA's Web site at www.bea.gov. By visiting the site, you can also subscribe to receive free e–mail summaries of BEA releases and announcements.

For further information, call (202) 606–5360.

****

The next metropolitan area economic data release, scheduled for September 26, 2007, at 8:30 A.M. ET, will be Gross Domestic Product for Metropolitan Areas, 2001–2005.

 

Table 1. Personal Income and Per Capita Personal Income by Metropolitan Area, 2004-2006
Area name Personal Income Per capita personal income/1
Millions of dollars Percent change/2 Dollars Percent change Rank in United States
2004 2005 2006/p 2004–
2005
2005–
2006/p
2004 2005 2006/p 2004–
2005
2005–
2006/p
2006/p
p Preliminary.
1. Per capita personal income was computed using Census Bureau midyear population estimates.
2. Percent change calculated from unrounded data.
3. The metropolitan area definitions used by BEA for its personal income estimates are the new county-based definitions issued by the Office of Management and Budget in June 2003 (with revisions released February 2004, March 2005, December 2005, and December 2006) for federal statistical purposes.
  United States 9,716,351 10,220,942 10,870,319 5.2 6.4 33,090 34,471 36,307 4.2 5.3 --
 
    Metropolitan portion of the United States 8,476,476 8,924,022 9,508,992 5.3 6.6 34,700 36,140 38,109 4.1 5.4 --
Metropolitan Statistical Areas3
Abilene, TX 4,161 4,390 4,700 5.5 7.1 26,289 27,760 29,738 5.6 7.1 245
Akron, OH 22,573 23,425 24,424 3.8 4.3 32,181 33,396 34,845 3.8 4.3 109
Albany, GA 3,835 4,060 4,214 5.9 3.8 23,657 24,941 25,700 5.4 3.0 343
Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY 29,084 30,159 31,757 3.7 5.3 34,452 35,590 37,320 3.3 4.9 67
Albuquerque, NM 23,280 24,631 26,671 5.8 8.3 29,836 30,884 32,652 3.5 5.7 155
Alexandria, LA 4,045 4,289 4,522 6.0 5.4 27,592 29,115 30,129 5.5 3.5 225
Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton, PA-NJ 25,282 26,698 28,301 5.6 6.0 32,447 33,808 35,361 4.2 4.6 96
Altoona, PA 3,368 3,489 3,625 3.6 3.9 26,502 27,562 28,660 4.0 4.0 278
Amarillo, TX 6,364 6,727 7,240 5.7 7.6 27,000 28,170 29,976 4.3 6.4 231
Ames, IA 2,453 2,553 2,704 4.1 5.9 30,554 32,002 33,734 4.7 5.4 135
Anchorage, AK 12,734 13,508 14,416 6.1 6.7 36,810 38,421 40,137 4.4 4.5 38
Anderson, IN 3,631 3,741 3,874 3.0 3.6 27,837 28,688 29,672 3.1 3.4 247
Anderson, SC 4,511 4,726 4,988 4.8 5.5 26,039 26,968 28,030 3.6 3.9 298
Ann Arbor, MI 13,087 13,578 13,893 3.8 2.3 38,635 39,689 40,381 2.7 1.7 36
Anniston-Oxford, AL 2,967 3,160 3,340 6.5 5.7 26,518 28,156 29,584 6.2 5.1 249
Appleton, WI 6,890 7,194 7,553 4.4 5.0 32,366 33,436 34,758 3.3 4.0 110
Asheville, NC 10,840 11,522 12,254 6.3 6.4 28,005 29,405 30,789 5.0 4.7 206
Athens-Clarke County, GA 4,408 4,670 4,953 6.0 6.1 25,162 25,594 26,702 1.7 4.3 326
Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Marietta, GA 161,795 173,159 184,186 7.0 6.4 33,553 34,825 35,846 3.8 2.9 89
Atlantic City, NJ 8,720 9,274 9,730 6.3 4.9 32,566 34,307 35,823 5.3 4.4 91
Auburn-Opelika, AL 2,870 3,054 3,275 6.4 7.2 23,848 24,804 26,034 4.0 5.0 339
Augusta-Richmond County, GA-SC 13,945 14,687 15,353 5.3 4.5 27,100 28,361 29,342 4.7 3.5 254
Austin-Round Rock, TX 46,192 50,102 54,955 8.5 9.7 32,726 34,441 36,308 5.2 5.4 82
Bakersfield, CA 17,660 18,924 20,087 7.2 6.1 24,067 24,999 25,748 3.9 3.0 342
Baltimore-Towson, MD 103,138 109,543 115,770 6.2 5.7 39,032 41,320 43,549 5.9 5.4 21
Bangor, ME 4,035 4,215 4,419 4.5 4.8 27,522 28,711 30,021 4.3 4.6 229
Barnstable Town, MA 9,530 9,949 10,399 4.4 4.5 41,851 43,992 46,258 5.1 5.2 12
Baton Rouge, LA 20,162 21,687 23,591 7.6 8.8 27,782 29,654 30,777 6.7 3.8 207
Battle Creek, MI 3,807 3,919 4,029 2.9 2.8 27,332 28,289 29,197 3.5 3.2 257
Bay City, MI 2,996 3,047 3,169 1.7 4.0 27,453 27,984 29,234 1.9 4.5 256
Beaumont-Port Arthur, TX 10,081 10,939 11,682 8.5 6.8 26,345 28,550 30,772 8.4 7.8 209
Bellingham, WA 5,065 5,420 5,742 7.0 5.9 28,116 29,561 30,881 5.1 4.5 199
Bend, OR 4,164 4,534 4,995 8.9 10.2 31,001 32,094 33,493 3.5 4.4 137
Billings, MT 4,547 4,829 5,107 6.2 5.8 31,464 32,963 34,481 4.8 4.6 116
Binghamton, NY 6,848 7,122 7,547 4.0 6.0 27,482 28,728 30,488 4.5 6.1 219
Birmingham-Hoover, AL 36,526 38,809 41,399 6.3 6.7 33,816 35,663 37,635 5.5 5.5 65
Bismarck, ND 3,046 3,226 3,387 5.9 5.0 31,134 32,452 33,491 4.2 3.2 138
Blacksburg-Christiansburg-Radford, VA 3,496 3,720 3,939 6.4 5.9 23,225 24,647 25,994 6.1 5.5 340
Bloomington, IN 4,709 4,905 5,136 4.2 4.7 26,558 27,598 28,738 3.9 4.1 273
Bloomington-Normal, IL 5,074 5,231 5,563 3.1 6.3 32,157 32,905 34,511 2.3 4.9 114
Boise City-Nampa, ID 16,372 17,732 19,485 8.3 9.9 31,207 32,527 34,326 4.2 5.5 122
Boston-Cambridge-Quincy, MA-NH 201,089 209,847 223,140 4.4 6.3 45,195 47,168 50,085 4.4 6.2 6
Boulder, CO 12,006 12,815 13,642 6.7 6.5 43,076 45,849 48,324 6.4 5.4 10
Bowling Green, KY 2,894 3,100 3,292 7.1 6.2 26,568 27,945 29,050 5.2 4.0 263
Bremerton-Silverdale, WA 8,189 8,602 9,106 5.0 5.9 34,101 35,616 37,847 4.4 6.3 60
Bridgeport-Stamford-Norwalk, CT 57,845 60,615 64,743 4.8 6.8 64,224 67,269 71,901 4.7 6.9 1
Brownsville-Harlingen, TX 6,221 6,597 7,100 6.0 7.6 16,783 17,410 18,313 3.7 5.2 362
Brunswick, GA 2,875 3,019 3,255 5.0 7.8 29,578 30,772 32,347 4.0 5.1 166
Buffalo-Niagara Falls, NY 35,617 36,715 38,335 3.1 4.4 30,912 32,071 33,701 3.7 5.1 136
Burlington, NC 3,688 3,863 4,099 4.8 6.1 26,668 27,551 28,732 3.3 4.3 274
Burlington-South Burlington, VT 6,976 7,262 7,627 4.1 5.0 34,115 35,385 37,022 3.7 4.6 75
Canton-Massillon, OH 11,386 11,811 12,192 3.7 3.2 27,780 28,841 29,754 3.8 3.2 244
Cape Coral-Fort Myers, FL 18,381 19,905 21,756 8.3 9.3 35,728 36,577 38,079 2.4 4.1 58
Carson City, NV 1,997 2,118 2,209 6.0 4.3 35,697 37,898 39,958 6.2 5.4 39
Casper, WY 2,659 2,888 3,225 8.6 11.7 38,550 41,462 45,815 7.6 10.5 14
Cedar Rapids, IA 7,930 8,282 8,812 4.4 6.4 32,387 33,530 35,344 3.5 5.4 97
Champaign-Urbana, IL 6,261 6,397 6,780 2.2 6.0 29,144 29,687 31,302 1.9 5.4 193
Charleston, WV 9,039 9,400 9,931 4.0 5.6 29,448 30,703 32,505 4.3 5.9 160
Charleston-North Charleston, SC 17,016 18,253 19,535 7.3 7.0 29,223 30,844 32,387 5.5 5.0 165
Charlotte-Gastonia-Concord, NC-SC 51,652 55,931 60,508 8.3 8.2 35,075 36,761 38,223 4.8 4.0 55
Charlottesville, VA 6,269 6,688 7,166 6.7 7.2 33,813 35,570 37,663 5.2 5.9 64
Chattanooga, TN-GA 14,463 15,221 16,142 5.2 6.1 29,629 30,952 32,499 4.5 5.0 161
Cheyenne, WY 2,973 3,124 3,410 5.1 9.2 34,983 36,739 39,936 5.0 8.7 40
Chicago-Naperville-Joliet, IL-IN-WI 350,111 367,957 391,262 5.1 6.3 37,268 38,951 41,161 4.5 5.7 31
Chico, CA 5,517 5,811 6,183 5.3 6.4 25,948 27,136 28,641 4.6 5.5 281
Cincinnati-Middletown, OH-KY-IN 70,041 73,103 76,521 4.4 4.7 33,758 34,961 36,366 3.6 4.0 78
Clarksville, TN-KY 6,537 7,412 7,846 13.4 5.9 27,527 30,515 32,624 10.9 6.9 156
Cleveland, TN 2,847 3,005 3,134 5.6 4.3 26,605 27,785 28,631 4.4 3.0 282
Cleveland-Elyria-Mentor, OH 72,723 75,278 78,371 3.5 4.1 34,078 35,423 37,070 3.9 4.6 74
Coeur d'Alene, ID 3,205 3,445 3,783 7.5 9.8 26,191 26,970 28,765 3.0 6.7 271
College Station-Bryan, TX 4,426 4,753 5,139 7.4 8.1 23,454 25,019 26,743 6.7 6.9 325
Colorado Springs, CO 18,360 19,696 20,647 7.3 4.8 31,726 33,569 34,462 5.8 2.7 117
Columbia, MO 4,517 4,773 5,087 5.7 6.6 29,905 31,141 32,608 4.1 4.7 158
Columbia, SC 20,139 21,288 22,737 5.7 6.8 29,419 30,810 32,308 4.7 4.9 167
Columbus, GA-AL 7,934 8,550 8,969 7.8 4.9 28,188 30,265 31,051 7.4 2.6 197
Columbus, IN 2,402 2,499 2,659 4.0 6.4 32,968 33,955 35,712 3.0 5.2 93
Columbus, OH 56,971 59,674 62,698 4.7 5.1 33,725 34,960 36,335 3.7 3.9 80
Corpus Christi, TX 11,076 11,816 12,700 6.7 7.5 27,068 28,603 30,543 5.7 6.8 216
Corvallis, OR 2,727 2,883 3,031 5.7 5.1 34,809 36,685 38,332 5.4 4.5 54
Cumberland, MD-WV 2,414 2,540 2,654 5.2 4.5 23,943 25,352 26,601 5.9 4.9 330
Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX 202,282 216,667 235,277 7.1 8.6 35,521 37,209 39,187 4.8 5.3 45
Dalton, GA 3,416 3,612 3,803 5.7 5.3 26,336 27,382 28,300 4.0 3.4 295
Danville, IL 2,023 2,060 2,158 1.8 4.7 24,513 25,068 26,334 2.3 5.1 336
Danville, VA 2,677 2,788 2,816 4.2 1.0 24,802 25,951 26,293 4.6 1.3 338
Davenport-Moline-Rock Island, IA-IL 11,713 12,224 13,039 4.4 6.7 31,226 32,513 34,559 4.1 6.3 113
Dayton, OH 25,935 26,744 27,950 3.1 4.5 30,746 31,792 33,316 3.4 4.8 143
Decatur, AL 4,136 4,364 4,590 5.5 5.2 28,086 29,436 30,695 4.8 4.3 211
Decatur, IL 3,437 3,603 3,762 4.8 4.4 31,163 32,808 34,420 5.3 4.9 119
Deltona-Daytona Beach-Ormond Beach, FL 12,971 13,830 14,789 6.6 6.9 27,117 28,347 29,783 4.5 5.1 243
Denver-Aurora, CO 94,402 100,066 106,706 6.0 6.6 40,583 42,369 44,299 4.4 4.6 16
Des Moines-West Des Moines, IA 18,824 19,750 21,144 4.9 7.1 36,724 37,737 39,579 2.8 4.9 42
Detroit-Warren-Livonia, MI 161,831 168,038 170,600 3.8 1.5 36,094 37,515 38,174 3.9 1.8 57
Dothan, AL 3,678 3,909 4,163 6.3 6.5 27,295 28,708 30,114 5.2 4.9 226
Dover, DE 3,801 4,045 4,230 6.4 4.6 27,382 28,196 28,658 3.0 1.6 279
Dubuque, IA 2,696 2,808 2,983 4.2 6.2 29,549 30,650 32,290 3.7 5.4 168
Duluth, MN-WI 8,034 8,275 8,639 3.0 4.4 29,150 30,092 31,502 3.2 4.7 188
Durham, NC 15,260 16,011 17,304 4.9 8.1 33,937 35,097 37,262 3.4 6.2 70
Eau Claire, WI 4,247 4,441 4,686 4.5 5.5 27,785 28,876 30,223 3.9 4.7 222
El Centro, CA 3,239 3,413 3,547 5.4 3.9 21,285 21,899 22,127 2.9 1.0 359
El Paso, TX 15,727 16,771 17,980 6.6 7.2 22,074 23,256 24,420 5.4 5.0 348
Elizabethtown, KY 3,122 3,280 3,474 5.1 5.9 28,600 29,689 31,330 3.8 5.5 191
Elkhart-Goshen, IN 5,896 6,195 6,461 5.1 4.3 30,760 31,725 32,613 3.1 2.8 157
Elmira, NY 2,310 2,444 2,576 5.8 5.4 25,716 27,456 29,064 6.8 5.9 262
Erie, PA 7,404 7,754 8,098 4.7 4.4 26,363 27,676 28,941 5.0 4.6 266
Eugene-Springfield, OR 9,415 9,981 10,538 6.0 5.6 28,416 29,841 31,189 5.0 4.5 195
Evansville, IN-KY 10,858 11,373 11,926 4.7 4.9 31,234 32,579 34,040 4.3 4.5 128
Fairbanks, AK 2,745 2,939 3,140 7.0 6.8 31,641 33,568 36,191 6.1 7.8 86
Fargo, ND-MN 5,751 6,033 6,444 4.9 6.8 31,510 32,758 34,462 4.0 5.2 117
Farmington, NM 2,818 3,052 3,344 8.3 9.5 22,716 24,260 26,437 6.8 9.0 334
Fayetteville, NC 9,794 10,746 11,188 9.7 4.1 28,398 31,632 32,776 11.4 3.6 151
Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers, AR-MO 10,640 11,380 12,130 7.0 6.6 27,144 27,994 28,822 3.1 3.0 268
Flagstaff, AZ 3,227 3,473 3,695 7.6 6.4 26,328 28,045 29,574 6.5 5.5 251
Flint, MI 12,110 12,197 12,574 0.7 3.1 27,352 27,550 28,450 0.7 3.3 289
Florence, SC 5,204 5,445 5,758 4.6 5.8 26,458 27,551 28,957 4.1 5.1 265
Florence-Muscle Shoals, AL 3,510 3,699 3,926 5.4 6.1 24,723 26,041 27,520 5.3 5.7 313
Fond du Lac, WI 3,088 3,215 3,349 4.1 4.2 31,346 32,509 33,745 3.7 3.8 133
Fort Collins-Loveland, CO 8,816 9,330 9,893 5.8 6.0 32,796 34,323 35,812 4.7 4.3 92
Fort Smith, AR-OK 7,030 7,514 8,009 6.9 6.6 24,956 26,420 27,729 5.9 5.0 309
Fort Walton Beach-Crestview-Destin, FL 5,968 6,393 6,792 7.1 6.2 33,034 35,275 37,673 6.8 6.8 63
Fort Wayne, IN 12,116 12,620 13,221 4.2 4.8 30,188 31,223 32,399 3.4 3.8 164
Fresno, CA 21,859 22,796 24,173 4.3 6.0 25,257 25,961 27,107 2.8 4.4 320
Gadsden, AL 2,603 2,744 2,872 5.4 4.7 25,289 26,658 27,782 5.4 4.2 307
Gainesville, FL 6,648 7,194 7,662 8.2 6.5 27,927 29,951 31,402 7.2 4.8 189
Gainesville, GA 4,133 4,405 4,773 6.6 8.4 25,757 26,486 27,548 2.8 4.0 312
Glens Falls, NY 3,441 3,607 3,774 4.8 4.6 26,947 28,057 29,151 4.1 3.9 260
Goldsboro, NC 2,847 2,976 3,064 4.5 3.0 24,982 26,141 26,914 4.6 3.0 323
Grand Forks, ND-MN 2,683 2,795 2,879 4.1 3.0 27,670 29,021 29,823 4.9 2.8 240
Grand Junction, CO 3,472 3,744 4,093 7.8 9.3 27,282 28,854 30,503 5.8 5.7 217
Grand Rapids-Wyoming, MI 23,610 24,519 25,500 3.9 4.0 30,832 31,836 32,943 3.3 3.5 147
Great Falls, MT 2,348 2,436 2,592 3.8 6.4 29,392 30,647 32,657 4.3 6.6 154
Greeley, CO 5,322 5,669 6,047 6.5 6.7 24,246 24,846 25,528 2.5 2.7 345
Green Bay, WI 9,399 9,731 10,206 3.5 4.9 31,874 32,757 34,133 2.8 4.2 127
Greensboro-High Point, NC 20,160 21,214 22,469 5.2 5.9 30,301 31,464 32,784 3.8 4.2 150
Greenville, NC 4,196 4,483 4,690 6.8 4.6 26,219 27,610 28,292 5.3 2.5 296
Greenville-Mauldin-Easley, SC 16,497 17,402 18,547 5.5 6.6 28,275 29,464 30,809 4.2 4.6 204
Gulfport-Biloxi, MS 6,538 6,682 7,023 2.2 5.1 25,901 26,245 30,815 1.3 17.4 203
Hagerstown-Martinsburg, MD-WV 6,865 7,392 7,856 7.7 6.3 28,127 29,468 30,494 4.8 3.5 218
Hanford-Corcoran, CA 2,959 3,090 3,289 4.4 6.5 20,808 21,536 22,504 3.5 4.5 355
Harrisburg-Carlisle, PA 17,554 18,322 19,161 4.4 4.6 33,880 35,188 36,471 3.9 3.6 77
Harrisonburg, VA 2,782 2,960 3,106 6.4 4.9 25,115 26,419 27,379 5.2 3.6 316
Hartford-West Hartford-East Hartford, CT 47,840 50,237 52,540 5.0 4.6 40,504 42,369 44,194 4.6 4.3 18
Hattiesburg, MS 3,064 3,243 3,594 5.9 10.8 23,634 24,683 26,672 4.4 8.1 327
Hickory-Lenoir-Morganton, NC 9,387 9,735 10,263 3.7 5.4 26,602 27,349 28,518 2.8 4.3 286
Hinesville-Fort Stewart, GA 1,490 1,617 1,666 8.5 3.0 20,922 22,522 22,501 7.6 -0.1 356
Holland-Grand Haven, MI 7,539 7,845 8,162 4.1 4.0 29,810 30,743 31,677 3.1 3.0 183
Honolulu, HI 31,278 33,316 35,202 6.5 5.7 34,832 36,828 38,689 5.7 5.1 50
Hot Springs, AR 2,439 2,601 2,742 6.6 5.4 26,477 27,833 28,816 5.1 3.5 269
Houma-Bayou Cane-Thibodaux, LA 5,067 5,176 6,211 2.1 20.0 25,581 26,008 30,610 1.7 17.7 212
Houston-Sugar Land-Baytown, TX 191,918 209,818 229,517 9.3 9.4 36,676 39,199 41,429 6.9 5.7 30
Huntington-Ashland, WV-KY-OH 7,040 7,337 7,726 4.2 5.3 24,617 25,701 27,062 4.4 5.3 321
Huntsville, AL 11,467 12,314 13,260 7.4 7.7 31,628 33,403 35,196 5.6 5.4 104
Idaho Falls, ID 2,983 3,179 3,469 6.6 9.1 26,991 28,054 29,651 3.9 5.7 248
Indianapolis-Carmel, IN 56,900 59,683 63,058 4.9 5.7 35,180 36,391 37,849 3.4 4.0 59
Iowa City, IA 4,522 4,701 5,015 4.0 6.7 32,837 33,925 35,936 3.3 5.9 88
Ithaca, NY 2,759 2,849 3,016 3.3 5.9 27,579 28,462 30,040 3.2 5.5 228
Jackson, MI 4,304 4,461 4,568 3.7 2.4 26,480 27,299 27,878 3.1 2.1 302
Jackson, MS 15,015 15,765 16,841 5.0 6.8 29,133 30,277 31,808 3.9 5.1 180
Jackson, TN 2,994 3,152 3,307 5.2 4.9 27,265 28,509 29,544 4.6 3.6 252
Jacksonville, FL 40,348 42,785 46,314 6.0 8.2 33,014 34,288 36,239 3.9 5.7 84
Jacksonville, NC 4,370 4,922 5,115 12.6 3.9 28,320 32,705 33,945 15.5 3.8 129
Janesville, WI 4,380 4,532 4,902 3.5 8.2 28,068 28,804 30,800 2.6 6.9 205
Jefferson City, MO 4,032 4,188 4,380 3.9 4.6 28,352 29,139 30,215 2.8 3.7 223
Johnson City, TN 4,687 4,916 5,205 4.9 5.9 25,054 26,023 27,229 3.9 4.6 318
Johnstown, PA 3,742 3,920 4,096 4.8 4.5 25,195 26,525 27,869 5.3 5.1 303
Jonesboro, AR 2,681 2,772 2,989 3.4 7.8 24,156 24,768 26,370 2.5 6.5 335
Joplin, MO 4,096 4,263 4,530 4.1 6.3 24,987 25,688 26,876 2.8 4.6 324
Kalamazoo-Portage, MI 9,457 9,696 10,109 2.5 4.3 29,739 30,411 31,618 2.3 4.0 186
Kankakee-Bradley, IL 2,833 2,941 3,126 3.8 6.3 26,477 27,275 28,652 3.0 5.0 280
Kansas City, MO-KS 66,426 69,560 74,266 4.7 6.8 34,498 35,769 37,748 3.7 5.5 62
Kennewick-Richland-Pasco, WA 5,985 6,259 6,428 4.6 2.7 27,783 28,337 28,437 2.0 0.4 290
Killeen-Temple-Fort Hood, TX 9,386 10,428 11,140 11.1 6.8 27,203 29,823 31,709 9.6 6.3 182
Kingsport-Bristol-Bristol, TN-VA 7,796 8,149 8,635 4.5 6.0 26,014 27,079 28,549 4.1 5.4 285
Kingston, NY 5,208 5,438 5,811 4.4 6.8 28,657 29,811 31,798 4.0 6.7 181
Knoxville, TN 19,202 20,266 21,643 5.5 6.8 29,694 30,898 32,430 4.1 5.0 163
Kokomo, IN 3,053 3,128 3,246 2.4 3.8 30,224 30,887 32,180 2.2 4.2 171
La Crosse, WI-MN 3,840 3,973 4,149 3.5 4.4 29,922 30,857 32,108 3.1 4.1 174
Lafayette, IN 4,983 5,229 5,441 4.9 4.1 27,449 28,496 29,292 3.8 2.8 255
Lafayette, LA 7,110 7,550 8,509 6.2 12.7 29,004 30,585 33,443 5.5 9.3 141
Lake Charles, LA 5,047 4,540 5,740 -10.1 26.4 26,038 23,362 29,845 -10.3 27.8 237
Lake Havasu City-Kingman, AZ 3,780 4,116 4,462 8.9 8.4 21,066 22,055 23,118 4.7 4.8 353
Lakeland, FL 14,376 15,659 16,755 8.9 7.0 27,459 28,896 29,834 5.2 3.2 239
Lancaster, PA 15,171 15,991 16,684 5.4 4.3 31,216 32,638 33,741 4.6 3.4 134
Lansing-East Lansing, MI 13,329 13,790 14,453 3.5 4.8 29,284 30,330 31,831 3.6 4.9 179
Laredo, TX 3,863 4,230 4,536 9.5 7.2 17,653 18,809 19,598 6.5 4.2 361
Las Cruces, NM 4,092 4,367 4,672 6.7 7.0 22,082 23,070 24,096 4.5 4.4 350
Las Vegas-Paradise, NV 54,475 59,793 64,543 9.8 7.9 33,049 34,980 36,311 5.8 3.8 81
Lawrence, KS 3,012 3,166 3,379 5.1 6.7 27,515 28,394 30,133 3.2 6.1 224
Lawton, OK 2,958 3,127 3,338 5.7 6.7 26,229 28,269 30,573 7.8 8.2 214
Lebanon, PA 3,761 3,957 4,150 5.2 4.9 30,316 31,545 32,703 4.1 3.7 152
Lewiston, ID-WA 1,611 1,662 1,771 3.1 6.6 27,496 28,135 29,722 2.3 5.6 246
Lewiston-Auburn, ME 3,047 3,163 3,327 3.8 5.2 28,521 29,542 30,929 3.6 4.7 198
Lexington-Fayette, KY 13,815 14,496 15,377 4.9 6.1 32,545 33,737 35,214 3.7 4.4 102
Lima, OH 2,817 2,904 3,027 3.1 4.3 26,527 27,382 28,616 3.2 4.5 283
Lincoln, NE 9,028 9,377 9,904 3.9 5.6 32,420 33,316 34,876 2.8 4.7 108
Little Rock-North Little Rock-Conway, AR 20,087 21,059 22,513 4.8 6.9 31,645 32,770 34,485 3.6 5.2 115
Logan, UT-ID 2,392 2,504 2,679 4.7 7.0 21,958 22,609 24,106 3.0 6.6 349
Longview, TX 5,545 6,014 6,536 8.5 8.7 27,763 29,903 32,137 7.7 7.5 172
Longview, WA 2,429 2,553 2,691 5.1 5.4 25,265 26,268 26,932 4.0 2.5 322
Los Angeles-Long Beach-Santa Ana, CA 453,033 475,263 505,197 4.9 6.3 35,115 36,746 39,011 4.6 6.2 46
Louisville-Jefferson County, KY-IN 39,044 40,842 43,257 4.6 5.9 32,522 33,749 35,392 3.8 4.9 95
Lubbock, TX 6,832 7,277 7,722 6.5 6.1 26,510 28,098 29,541 6.0 5.1 253
Lynchburg, VA 6,434 6,808 7,161 5.8 5.2 27,566 28,846 29,897 4.6 3.6 232
Macon, GA 6,411 6,751 7,072 5.3 4.8 28,195 29,613 30,836 5.0 4.1 202
Madera, CA 2,995 3,164 3,262 5.7 3.1 21,560 22,198 22,292 3.0 0.4 357
Madison, WI 19,913 20,939 22,085 5.2 5.5 37,490 38,993 40,671 4.0 4.3 34
Manchester-Nashua, NH 15,385 15,967 16,875 3.8 5.7 38,634 39,865 41,895 3.2 5.1 28
Mansfield, OH 3,351 3,432 3,523 2.4 2.7 26,204 26,900 27,742 2.7 3.1 308
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission, TX 10,229 11,102 11,988 8.5 8.0 15,560 16,359 17,111 5.1 4.6 363
Medford, OR 5,599 5,901 6,227 5.4 5.5 29,021 30,239 31,596 4.2 4.5 187
Memphis, TN-MS-AR 40,258 42,133 44,758 4.7 6.2 32,342 33,529 35,113 3.7 4.7 106
Merced, CA 5,362 5,538 5,618 3.3 1.4 22,647 22,862 22,867 0.9 0.0 354
Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Pompano Beach, FL 190,430 203,465 216,523 6.8 6.4 35,589 37,507 39,628 5.4 5.7 41
Michigan City-La Porte, IN 2,892 3,002 3,128 3.8 4.2 26,371 27,222 28,316 3.2 4.0 294
Midland, TX 4,426 4,963 5,631 12.1 13.5 36,899 40,855 45,274 10.7 10.8 15
Milwaukee-Waukesha-West Allis, WI 55,370 57,604 60,876 4.0 5.7 36,644 38,164 40,316 4.1 5.6 37
Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI 127,315 132,210 138,735 3.8 4.9 40,915 42,091 43,696 2.9 3.8 20
Missoula, MT 2,923 3,062 3,258 4.7 6.4 29,520 30,608 32,127 3.7 5.0 173
Mobile, AL 9,619 10,237 11,235 6.4 9.7 24,111 25,602 27,798 6.2 8.6 305
Modesto, CA 12,886 13,552 14,281 5.2 5.4 25,915 26,810 27,886 3.5 4.0 301
Monroe, LA 4,450 4,609 4,906 3.6 6.4 26,071 27,018 28,485 3.6 5.4 287
Monroe, MI 4,592 4,747 4,908 3.4 3.4 30,154 30,873 31,659 2.4 2.5 185
Montgomery, AL 10,679 11,375 12,216 6.5 7.4 30,237 31,958 33,769 5.7 5.7 132
Morgantown, WV 3,047 3,217 3,439 5.6 6.9 26,766 28,058 29,867 4.8 6.4 236
Morristown, TN 3,052 3,195 3,350 4.7 4.9 23,709 24,459 25,219 3.2 3.1 346
Mount Vernon-Anacortes, WA 3,333 3,594 3,811 7.8 6.1 29,990 31,754 32,942 5.9 3.7 148
Muncie, IN 3,083 3,188 3,261 3.4 2.3 26,255 27,431 28,387 4.5 3.5 292
Muskegon-Norton Shores, MI 4,363 4,495 4,662 3.0 3.7 25,084 25,692 26,606 2.4 3.6 328
Myrtle Beach-Conway-North Myrtle Beach, SC 5,654 6,095 6,639 7.8 8.9 26,006 26,789 27,835 3.0 3.9 304
Napa, CA 5,405 5,787 6,180 7.1 6.8 40,835 43,669 46,286 6.9 6.0 11
Naples-Marco Island, FL 14,550 15,237 16,760 4.7 10.0 49,043 49,492 53,265 0.9 7.6 4
Nashville-Davidson-Murfreesboro-Franklin, TN 48,620 52,092 56,026 7.1 7.6 34,888 36,655 38,503 5.1 5.0 51
New Haven-Milford, CT 31,856 33,182 34,735 4.2 4.7 37,803 39,292 41,094 3.9 4.6 32
New Orleans-Metairie-Kenner, LA 40,230 26,552 39,290 -34.0 48.0 30,611 20,210 38,343 -34.0 89.7 53
New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island, NY-NJ-PA 816,254 851,660 910,760 4.3 6.9 43,496 45,268 48,397 4.1 6.9 9
Niles-Benton Harbor, MI 4,607 4,740 4,992 2.9 5.3 28,351 29,242 30,869 3.1 5.6 200
Norwich-New London, CT 10,029 10,379 10,800 3.5 4.1 37,715 39,276 41,019 4.1 4.4 33
Ocala, FL 7,495 8,161 8,843 8.9 8.4 25,721 26,893 27,968 4.6 4.0 299
Ocean City, NJ 3,765 3,909 4,070 3.8 4.1 37,556 39,563 41,651 5.3 5.3 29
Odessa, TX 2,914 3,206 3,659 10.0 14.1 23,457 25,590 28,707 9.1 12.2 276
Ogden-Clearfield, UT 12,862 13,654 14,824 6.2 8.6 26,951 28,070 29,788 4.2 6.1 242
Oklahoma City, OK 35,735 37,970 41,278 6.3 8.7 31,325 32,875 35,210 4.9 7.1 103
Olympia, WA 7,317 7,724 8,273 5.6 7.1 32,589 33,745 35,253 3.5 4.5 100
Omaha-Council Bluffs, NE-IA 29,025 30,435 32,448 4.9 6.6 36,191 37,444 39,448 3.5 5.4 44
Orlando-Kissimmee, FL 55,966 60,951 65,459 8.9 7.4 30,068 31,557 32,979 5.0 4.5 146
Oshkosh-Neenah, WI 5,050 5,261 5,504 4.2 4.6 31,846 32,978 34,272 3.6 3.9 123
Owensboro, KY 2,933 3,102 3,218 5.8 3.7 26,435 27,844 28,704 5.3 3.1 277
Oxnard-Thousand Oaks-Ventura, CA 30,534 32,139 33,862 5.3 5.4 38,367 40,358 42,342 5.2 4.9 27
Palm Bay-Melbourne-Titusville, FL 15,780 16,811 17,887 6.5 6.4 30,455 31,800 33,474 4.4 5.3 139
Palm Coast, FL 1,850 2,076 2,270 12.2 9.3 26,913 27,297 27,316 1.4 0.1 317
Panama City-Lynn Haven, FL 4,546 4,888 5,231 7.5 7.0 28,836 30,298 31,996 5.1 5.6 176
Parkersburg-Marietta-Vienna, WV-OH 4,252 4,350 4,584 2.3 5.4 26,123 26,811 28,347 2.6 5.7 293
Pascagoula, MS 3,712 3,910 4,174 5.3 6.8 23,849 24,943 27,390 4.6 9.8 315
Pensacola-Ferry Pass-Brent, FL 11,629 12,361 13,200 6.3 6.8 26,800 28,217 30,000 5.3 6.3 230
Peoria, IL 11,633 12,410 13,456 6.7 8.4 31,694 33,690 36,349 6.3 7.9 79
Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD 224,974 236,467 250,482 5.1 5.9 38,869 40,727 42,988 4.8 5.6 23
Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, AZ 114,926 125,718 136,972 9.4 9.0 30,892 32,414 33,911 4.9 4.6 131
Pine Bluff, AR 2,392 2,442 2,559 2.1 4.8 22,791 23,433 24,695 2.8 5.4 347
Pittsburgh, PA 83,356 87,003 91,790 4.4 5.5 34,810 36,530 38,717 4.9 6.0 48
Pittsfield, MA 4,651 4,953 5,174 6.5 4.5 35,149 37,586 39,463 6.9 5.0 43
Pocatello, ID 2,045 2,143 2,271 4.8 6.0 23,914 25,048 26,303 4.7 5.0 337
Port St. Lucie, FL 12,295 13,169 14,196 7.1 7.8 33,731 34,723 36,203 2.9 4.3 85
Portland-South Portland-Biddeford, ME 17,405 17,948 18,878 3.1 5.2 34,078 34,986 36,752 2.7 5.0 76
Portland-Vancouver-Beaverton, OR-WA 70,144 74,282 79,399 5.9 6.9 34,018 35,430 37,145 4.2 4.8 72
Poughkeepsie-Newburgh-Middletown, NY 21,372 22,451 23,632 5.1 5.3 32,260 33,647 35,191 4.3 4.6 105
Prescott, AZ 4,519 4,876 5,336 7.9 9.4 23,696 24,521 25,653 3.5 4.6 344
Providence-New Bedford-Fall River, RI-MA 54,685 56,721 59,967 3.7 5.7 33,639 35,025 37,178 4.1 6.1 71
Provo-Orem, UT 8,881 9,557 10,544 7.6 10.3 20,043 20,731 22,236 3.4 7.3 358
Pueblo, CO 3,745 3,870 4,064 3.3 5.0 25,024 25,634 26,575 2.4 3.7 332
Punta Gorda, FL 4,334 4,613 4,951 6.4 7.3 27,588 29,890 32,055 8.3 7.2 175
Racine, WI 6,304 6,574 6,917 4.3 5.2 32,571 33,676 35,275 3.4 4.7 99
Raleigh-Cary, NC 31,680 33,907 36,905 7.0 8.8 34,615 35,624 37,107 2.9 4.2 73
Rapid City, SD 3,697 3,902 4,108 5.5 5.3 31,474 33,093 34,588 5.1 4.5 112
Reading, PA 11,931 12,543 13,412 5.1 6.9 30,501 31,655 33,434 3.8 5.6 142
Redding, CA 4,991 5,209 5,506 4.4 5.7 28,103 29,104 30,596 3.6 5.1 213
Reno-Sparks, NV 15,397 16,259 17,308 5.6 6.5 40,065 41,284 43,209 3.0 4.7 22
Richmond, VA 40,189 42,873 45,122 6.7 5.2 34,808 36,537 37,790 5.0 3.4 61
Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA 97,251 104,074 111,869 7.0 7.5 25,705 26,618 27,786 3.6 4.4 306
Roanoke, VA 9,128 9,531 10,012 4.4 5.0 31,384 32,587 33,933 3.8 4.1 130
Rochester, MN 6,406 6,640 6,952 3.7 4.7 36,652 37,517 38,715 2.4 3.2 49
Rochester, NY 33,821 35,106 36,762 3.8 4.7 32,531 33,857 35,503 4.1 4.9 94
Rockford, IL 9,253 9,692 10,392 4.7 7.2 27,461 28,335 29,840 3.2 5.3 238
Rocky Mount, NC 3,847 4,025 4,180 4.6 3.9 26,584 27,724 28,579 4.3 3.1 284
Rome, GA 2,550 2,708 2,864 6.2 5.8 27,128 28,698 30,048 5.8 4.7 227
Sacramento-Arden-Arcade-Roseville, CA 68,308 72,404 77,056 6.0 6.4 33,919 35,463 37,277 4.6 5.1 68
Saginaw-Saginaw Township North, MI 5,580 5,665 5,874 1.5 3.7 26,712 27,256 28,472 2.0 4.5 288
Salem, OR 10,167 10,790 11,459 6.1 6.2 27,500 28,677 29,794 4.3 3.9 241
Salinas, CA 14,179 14,752 15,667 4.0 6.2 34,203 35,775 38,193 4.6 6.8 56
Salisbury, MD 3,095 3,309 3,483 6.9 5.2 27,113 28,549 29,577 5.3 3.6 250
Salt Lake City, UT 31,341 33,634 36,520 7.3 8.6 30,731 32,133 34,204 4.6 6.4 126
San Angelo, TX 2,891 3,022 3,161 4.5 4.6 27,431 28,738 29,889 4.8 4.0 234
San Antonio, TX 53,643 57,384 62,110 7.0 8.2 28,981 30,393 31,979 4.9 5.2 177
San Diego-Carlsbad-San Marcos, CA 113,062 119,136 125,885 5.4 5.7 38,536 40,569 42,797 5.3 5.5 24
San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont, CA 207,385 218,475 233,248 5.3 6.8 49,989 52,543 55,801 5.1 6.2 2
San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA 83,986 88,883 95,671 5.8 7.6 48,226 50,468 53,533 4.6 6.1 3
San Luis Obispo-Paso Robles, CA 8,379 8,766 9,288 4.6 6.0 32,949 34,305 36,140 4.1 5.3 87
Sandusky, OH 2,530 2,620 2,683 3.5 2.4 32,095 33,426 34,350 4.1 2.8 121
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Goleta, CA 15,389 16,231 16,968 5.5 4.5 38,313 40,486 42,385 5.7 4.7 26
Santa Cruz-Watsonville, CA 10,258 10,636 11,449 3.7 7.6 40,907 42,643 45,849 4.2 7.5 13
Santa Fe, NM 5,019 5,341 5,768 6.4 8.0 36,095 37,934 40,500 5.1 6.8 35
Santa Rosa-Petaluma, CA 17,985 18,890 19,954 5.0 5.6 38,441 40,451 42,738 5.2 5.7 25
Sarasota-Bradenton-Venice, FL 26,286 27,914 30,073 6.2 7.7 40,356 41,577 44,042 3.0 5.9 19
Savannah, GA 9,423 10,183 10,998 8.1 8.0 30,431 32,486 34,367 6.8 5.8 120
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre, PA 16,131 16,818 17,558 4.3 4.4 29,295 30,547 31,875 4.3 4.3 178
Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA 131,813 133,475 144,337 1.3 8.1 41,593 41,608 44,228 0.0 6.3 17
Sebastian-Vero Beach, FL 5,643 5,886 6,415 4.3 9.0 45,336 46,219 49,305 1.9 6.7 7
Sheboygan, WI 3,754 3,937 4,113 4.9 4.5 32,978 34,409 35,841 4.3 4.2 90
Sherman-Denison, TX 2,878 3,060 3,277 6.3 7.1 24,846 26,207 27,659 5.5 5.5 310
Shreveport-Bossier City, LA 10,998 11,463 12,248 4.2 6.9 28,947 30,004 31,668 3.7 5.5 184
Sioux City, IA-NE-SD 4,059 4,187 4,366 3.2 4.3 28,361 29,392 30,431 3.6 3.5 220
Sioux Falls, SD 7,193 7,604 8,165 5.7 7.4 35,390 36,576 38,351 3.4 4.9 52
South Bend-Mishawaka, IN-MI 9,694 10,067 10,497 3.8 4.3 30,556 31,700 33,008 3.7 4.1 145
Spartanburg, SC 6,831 7,111 7,567 4.1 6.4 25,908 26,656 27,912 2.9 4.7 300
Spokane, WA 12,202 12,862 13,746 5.4 6.9 28,061 29,203 30,773 4.1 5.4 208
Springfield, IL 6,664 6,918 7,263 3.8 5.0 32,517 33,699 35,237 3.6 4.6 101
Springfield, MA 21,369 22,433 23,473 5.0 4.6 31,128 32,678 34,208 5.0 4.7 125
Springfield, MO 10,447 11,054 11,724 5.8 6.1 26,741 27,783 28,800 3.9 3.7 270
Springfield, OH 3,912 4,042 4,238 3.3 4.8 27,507 28,485 29,872 3.6 4.9 235
St. Cloud, MN 5,146 5,334 5,585 3.7 4.7 28,719 29,473 30,554 2.6 3.7 215
St. George, UT 2,421 2,689 3,020 11.1 12.3 21,912 22,565 23,913 3.0 6.0 352
St. Joseph, MO-KS 3,113 3,231 3,474 3.8 7.5 25,541 26,528 28,402 3.9 7.1 291
St. Louis, MO-IL 94,075 98,979 104,202 5.2 5.3 34,011 35,573 37,263 4.6 4.8 69
State College, PA 3,910 4,110 4,330 5.1 5.4 27,939 29,295 30,723 4.9 4.9 210
Stockton, CA 16,603 17,332 18,273 4.4 5.4 25,570 26,071 27,144 2.0 4.1 319
Sumter, SC 2,515 2,627 2,762 4.5 5.1 23,867 25,042 26,445 4.9 5.6 333
Syracuse, NY 19,583 20,291 21,242 3.6 4.7 30,011 31,195 32,677 3.9 4.8 153
Tallahassee, FL 9,501 9,944 10,504 4.7 5.6 28,775 29,852 31,215 3.7 4.6 194
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL 82,692 87,999 94,311 6.4 7.2 32,000 33,250 34,959 3.9 5.1 107
Terre Haute, IN 4,285 4,428 4,609 3.3 4.1 25,457 26,341 27,399 3.5 4.0 314
Texarkana, TX-Texarkana, AR 3,409 3,620 3,868 6.2 6.9 25,758 27,184 28,757 5.5 5.8 272
Toledo, OH 19,679 20,269 21,105 3.0 4.1 29,945 30,915 32,285 3.2 4.4 169
Topeka, KS 6,803 7,093 7,432 4.3 4.8 29,923 31,074 32,469 3.8 4.5 162
Trenton-Ewing, NJ 15,893 16,811 17,999 5.8 7.1 43,657 45,923 48,964 5.2 6.6 8
Tucson, AZ 24,881 26,704 28,722 7.3 7.6 27,467 28,869 30,350 5.1 5.1 221
Tulsa, OK 28,763 30,723 33,723 6.8 9.8 32,692 34,685 37,564 6.1 8.3 66
Tuscaloosa, AL 5,350 5,801 6,240 8.4 7.6 27,498 29,557 31,395 7.5 6.2 190
Tyler, TX 5,562 5,963 6,402 7.2 7.4 29,804 31,301 32,893 5.0 5.1 149
Utica-Rome, NY 7,850 8,110 8,535 3.3 5.2 26,323 27,256 28,709 3.5 5.3 275
Valdosta, GA 2,924 3,099 3,283 6.0 6.0 23,701 24,838 25,994 4.8 4.7 340
Vallejo-Fairfield, CA 13,048 13,759 14,537 5.4 5.7 31,716 33,494 35,311 5.6 5.4 98
Victoria, TX 3,082 3,300 3,573 7.1 8.3 27,226 29,102 31,320 6.9 7.6 192
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton, NJ 4,058 4,304 4,509 6.1 4.8 26,917 28,149 29,122 4.6 3.5 261
Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC 51,739 54,438 57,062 5.2 4.8 31,587 33,163 34,595 5.0 4.3 111
Visalia-Porterville, CA 9,190 9,669 10,056 5.2 4.0 22,920 23,517 23,947 2.6 1.8 351
Waco, TX 5,673 6,026 6,399 6.2 6.2 25,503 26,860 28,292 5.3 5.3 296
Warner Robins, GA 3,347 3,580 3,812 7.0 6.5 27,064 28,507 29,892 5.3 4.9 233
Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV 239,826 255,740 270,903 6.6 5.9 46,311 48,697 51,207 5.2 5.2 5
Waterloo-Cedar Falls, IA 4,836 4,986 5,231 3.1 4.9 29,932 30,807 32,238 2.9 4.6 170
Wausau, WI 3,946 4,146 4,358 5.1 5.1 30,890 32,176 33,465 4.2 4.0 140
Weirton-Steubenville, WV-OH 3,224 3,320 3,455 3.0 4.1 25,317 26,287 27,601 3.8 5.0 311
Wenatchee, WA 2,784 2,914 3,094 4.7 6.2 26,971 27,789 28,964 3.0 4.2 264
Wheeling, WV-OH 3,931 4,088 4,262 4.0 4.3 26,319 27,565 28,931 4.7 5.0 267
Wichita Falls, TX 4,228 4,432 4,740 4.8 6.9 28,630 30,335 32,571 6.0 7.4 159
Wichita, KS 18,519 19,763 21,467 6.7 8.6 31,737 33,671 36,254 6.1 7.7 83
Williamsport, PA 3,204 3,311 3,432 3.3 3.6 27,068 28,034 29,164 3.6 4.0 259
Wilmington, NC 8,594 9,357 10,068 8.9 7.6 28,382 29,742 30,869 4.8 3.8 200
Winchester, VA-WV 3,219 3,468 3,699 7.7 6.7 28,487 29,873 31,103 4.9 4.1 196
Winston-Salem, NC 14,004 14,801 15,623 5.7 5.6 31,762 33,022 34,215 4.0 3.6 124
Worcester, MA 27,565 28,806 30,469 4.5 5.8 35,433 36,851 38,814 4.0 5.3 47
Yakima, WA 5,647 5,851 6,202 3.6 6.0 24,637 25,336 26,605 2.8 5.0 329
York-Hanover, PA 12,374 13,222 13,765 6.9 4.1 30,877 32,393 33,062 4.9 2.1 144
Youngstown-Warren-Boardman, OH-PA 15,894 16,352 17,137 2.9 4.8 26,700 27,670 29,197 3.6 5.5 257
Yuba City, CA 3,864 3,998 4,303 3.5 7.6 25,559 25,602 26,594 0.2 3.9 331
Yuma, AZ 3,558 3,814 4,002 7.2 4.9 20,265 21,005 21,336 3.7 1.6 360