News Release
Gross State Product 1992-98
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF
COMMERCE
NEWS Washington, DC 20230 ECONOMICS
AND
STATISTICS
ADMINISTRATION
Bureau of
Economic Analysis -->
| Richard Beemiller: | (202) | 6069210 | BEA 0026 |
| Clifford Woodruff: | 6069234 |
HIGH-TECH MANUFACTURING AND BUSINESS SERVICES
BOOST GROWTH IN WESTERN STATES
Strength in high-tech manufacturing and in business services two industries identified with the "new economy" contributed to rapid growth in eight western states, and in New Hampshire and Georgia (see map below), according to estimates released by the Bureau of Economic Analysis, Commerce Department. From 1992 to 1998, these 10 states had the fastest growth in real gross state product (GSP) an inflation-adjusted measure of value added in production.
From 1992, the first year from which the nation began to recover from the 1990-91 recession, to 1998, the latest year for which GSP estimates are available, real GSP in the nation grew at an average annual rate of 3.9 percent. Real GSP grew in all major industries and was particularly strong in some of the "new economy" industries (see discussion on page 2).
States with the fastest growth in real GSP in 199298
The 10 states with the fastest growth in real GSP were Arizona (7.5 percent), Oregon (7.2 percent), Nevada (6.9 percent), Utah (6.9 percent), Colorado (6.6 percent), New Hampshire (6.3 percent), New Mexico (6.2 percent), Idaho (6.1 percent), Georgia (5.8 percent), and Texas (5.6 percent).
Except for New Hampshire and Georgia, these fastest growing states were in the western part of the nation. In addition to fast GSP growth, all 10 states had population growth above the national average of 1.0 percent per year.
--Average annual percent change in real gross state product in major aggregate industries, 1992-98---
Total Transpor- Finance,
gross Agriculture, Manu- tation & Whole- insurance,
state forestry, Construc- factur- public sale Retail & real Ser- Govern-
product & fishing Mining tion ing utilities trade trade estate vices ment
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
United States.. 3.9 1.5 4.7 4.0 4.9 4.6 6.9 5.7 3.6 3.5 0.8
Arizona........ 7.5 4.9 -.3 9.6 13.9 5.8 11.6 8.5 6.6 6.4 2.5
Oregon......... 7.2 3.1 5.6 7.6 17.3 3.8 8.5 6.5 3.3 4.2 2.1
Nevada......... 6.9 8.5 4.2 12.9 11.6 7.7 10.6 10.3 7.5 4.3 3.9
Utah........... 6.9 2.3 5.5 9.7 9.1 6.9 10.0 9.2 9.0 5.2 1.9
Colorado....... 6.6 4.2 14.0 8.6 5.4 10.6 9.4 8.0 6.5 6.4 1.6
New Hampshire.. 6.3 1.8 6.4 6.0 12.7 3.3 10.6 6.6 4.5 3.6 .9
New Mexico..... 6.2 3.9 6.6 5.1 19.3 3.9 6.7 5.7 3.8 3.0 1.2
Idaho.......... 6.1 2.0 7.0 3.6 13.5 5.9 8.4 6.6 3.9 4.0 2.4
Georgia........ 5.8 4.4 10.5 6.8 5.4 6.6 8.7 7.8 5.4 6.0 2.2
Texas.......... 5.6 1.1 3.0 5.8 9.5 6.7 9.3 7.0 3.7 4.9 2.0
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note: For the contributions of the industries to the percent change in total gross state product, see table 2.
The fast growth in these states reflected strength in all major industries, but growth was particularly strong in some of the high-tech manufacturing and business services industries, such as electronics and electrical devices, which includes semiconductor manufacturing and related products; industrial machinery and computer equipment, which includes computer and related hardware manufacturing; business services, which includes software development, data processing services, and computer rental and leasing; and communications, which includes telephone, satellite, and multimedia services.
In all 10 states, construction, real estate, transportation, trade, and health services also contributed substantially to the growth in real GSP; the strength in these industries partly reflected demand from rapid population growth. In addition:
- In these 10 states except New Hampshire, New Mexico, and Idaho, air transportation and nondepository institutions, which includes mortgage, credit, and loan institutions, contributed significantly to the growth in real GSP.
- In Arizona, Colorado, Georgia, and Texas, other services, which includes professional, cultural, and entertainment services, contributed significantly.
- In Arizona, Utah, and New Hampshire, depository institutions contributed significantly.
- In Colorado, New Mexico, and Texas, oil and gas extraction contributed significantly; in Nevada, metal mining contributed significantly.
States with the slowest growth in real GSP in 199298
The 10 states with the slowest growth in real GSP were Hawaii (-0.5 percent), Alaska (-0.4 percent), Maine (2.6 percent), New York (2.7 percent), Montana (2.7 percent), Pennsylvania (2.7 percent), West Virginia (2.7 percent), Vermont (2.8 percent), Rhode Island (2.8 percent), and Maryland (2.9 percent).
Except for Hawaii, Alaska, and Montana, these slowest growing states were in the eastern part of the nation (see map on page 1) and had population growth below or near the national average of 1.0 percent per year.
--Average annual percent change in real gross state product in major aggregate industries, 1992-98---
Total Transpor- Finance,
gross Agriculture, Manu- tation & Whole- insurance,
state forestry, Construc- factur- public sale Retail & real Ser- Govern-
product & fishing Mining tion ing utilities trade trade estate vices ment
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
United States.. 3.9 1.5 4.7 4.0 4.9 4.6 6.9 5.7 3.6 3.5 0.8
Hawaii......... -.5 -2.3 -6.5 -8.3 -5.0 2.1 2.1 1.5 0 -.6 -.7
Alaska......... -.4 -.4 -5.1 1.4 -2.9 3.1 4.7 3.8 2.1 1.2 -2.1
Maine.......... 2.5 .3 5.2 1.9 2.8 2.6 6.0 5.0 2.4 2.6 -.8
New York....... 2.7 1.1 4.5 1.4 .7 3.4 4.6 4.0 4.6 1.5 0
Montana........ 2.7 -1.5 3.9 4.7 2.8 3.0 6.5 4.6 2.2 3.0 .6
Pennsylvania... 2.7 -.1 7.5 .9 4.4 3.1 4.9 4.3 2.0 2.1 0
West Virginia.. 2.7 -.9 7.7 1.5 3.3 .9 4.4 4.3 1.5 2.1 1.9
Vermont........ 2.8 .7 10.7 2.1 4.1 1.6 3.6 4.5 2.5 2.8 .9
Rhode Island... 2.8 -.4 6.7 2.9 .9 5.4 5.7 3.8 4.0 2.1 .9
Maryland....... 2.9 1.1 9.3 2.4 3.3 4.1 6.3 4.1 2.5 2.9 1.1
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note: For the contributions of the industries to the percent change in total gross state product, see table 2.
In these states, contributions from the high-tech manufacturing and business services industries were offset by large declines in more traditional industries: Farms in the agriculture, forestry, and fishing sector; printing and publishing, apparel and textile products, and instruments and scientific products in the manufacturing sector; insurance and broker services in the finance, insurance, and real estate sector; legal and repair services in the services sector; and federal government in the government sector. In addition:
- In Alaska, Pennsylvania, Vermont, and Rhode Island, declines in paper products contributed significantly to the slow growth in real GSP.
- In Alaska and Montana, declines in lumber and wood products and in mining oil and gas extraction in Alaska and nonmetalic minerals in Montana contributed significantly to the slow growth in real GSP. The declines in oil and gas extraction in Alaska reflected a substantial decrease in crude oil prices.
- In Hawaii, declines or weakness in real GSP were widespread in all major industries. The weakness reflected the state's slow recovery from the 199091 recession; it also reflected impacts from the 1998 Asian financial crisis, which affected growth in tourism, in exportable agriculture-related products, and in the construction industries.
State shares of U.S. current-dollar GSP in 1998
In 1998, current-dollar GSP for the nation was $8.7 trillion. California's GSP accounted for the largest share (12.8 percent) of the nation and has exceeded $1 trillion since 1997 (table 3). The other four states with the largest shares of the U.S. total were New York (8.1 percent), Texas (7.4 percent), Illinois (4.9 percent), and Florida (4.8 percent).
The five states with the smallest shares of the U.S. total were Vermont, North Dakota, Wyoming, Montana, and South Dakota; each of these states accounted for about 0.2 percent of the U.S. total.
Sources of GSP revisions
The GSP estimates have been revised for 197797 to incorporate the results of the most recent comprehensive revisions of state personal income, of the national estimates of gross product by industry, and of the national income and product accounts (NIPA's). Highlights of major improvements to the national and state accounts include recognizing business and government expenditures for software, including own-account production of software, as investment, treating government employee retirement plans similarly to private pension plans, and improving the NIPA estimates of the real value of unpriced bank services in the banking industries. Articles discussing these revisions are available on BEA's Web site www.bea.gov.
In general, the revisions to GSP as a percentage of the previously published estimates for all years are small, with the largest revisions occurring in the most recent years. For the nation, current-dollar GSP was revised up $86.4 billion in 1996, and revised up $137 billion in 1997. In 1997, the five states with the largest upward revisions were Rhode Island (4.9 percent), Alaska (4.2 percent), New Jersey (3.2 percent), Colorado (2.8 percent), and Michigan (2.8 percent).
The revisions in real GSP growth rates tend to be small, with the largest revisions also in the most recent years. Most of the states with the largest revisions in growth rates tend to have the largest current-dollar revisions. In 199697, the five states with the largest revisions in real GSP growth rates were Rhode Island (3.4 percentage points), Delaware (2.2 percentage points), Colorado (2.1 percentage points), Minnesota (2.0 percentage points), and Florida (1.6 percentage points). For a detailed discussion of major sources of the revisions and of the impacts of the revisions, see "Gross State Product by Industry, 197798" in a forthcoming issue of the Survey of Current Business.
Industry classification
In 1997, U.S. federal statistical agencies adopted a new industry classification system called the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) an economic classification system that groups establishments into industries based on similarity of production processes. NAICS provides a new framework for collecting, analyzing, and disseminating economic data on an industry basis. Much of BEA's source data, however, remain on a Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) basis. BEA plans to incorporate NAICS into its GSP estimates upon full implementation of NAICS by all of its source-data agencies in 200304.
Definitions
GSP is the value added in production by the labor and property located in a state. GSP for a state is derived as the sum of the GSP originating in all industries in the state.
The estimates of real GSP are derived by applying national implicit price deflators by detailed industry to the current-dollar GSP estimates by detailed industry. Then, in order to capture the differences across states that reflect the relative differences in the mix of goods and services that the states produce, the same chain-type index formula used in the national accounts is used to calculate the estimates of total real GSP and real GSP by major industry. For additional information, see "BEA's Chain Indexes, Time Series, and Measures of Long-Term Economic Growth," Survey of Current Business 77 (May 1997): 5868; and "Comprehensive Revision of Gross State Product by Industry, 197794," Survey 77 (June 1997): 2829.
The relation of GSP to Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
In concept, an industry's GSP, referred to as its "value added," is equivalent to its gross output (sales or receipts and other operating income, commodity taxes, and inventory change) minus its intermediate inputs (consumption of goods and services purchased from other U.S. industries or imported). Thus, GSP is often considered the state counterpart of the nation's GDP BEA's featured measure of U.S. output. In practice, GSP estimates are measured as the sum of the distributions by industry and state of the components of gross domestic income that is, the sum of the costs incurred and incomes earned in the production of GDP.
GSP for the nation differs from GDP for the following reasons: GSP is derived from gross domestic income, which differs from GDP by the statistical discrepancy; GSP excludes and GDP includes the compensation of federal civilian and military personnel stationed abroad and government consumption of fixed capital for military structures located abroad and for military equipment, except office equipment; and GSP and GDP have different revision schedules. In 199298, real GDP increased 3.6 percent per year, and U.S. real GSP increased 3.9 percent per year.
Availability of detailed GSP estimates
GSP estimates for 63 industries for states, BEA regions, and the United States are available on BEA's Web site: www.bea.gov>. The site also contains BEA's major national, regional, international, and industry estimates; the Survey of Current Business; and BEA news releases.
In December 2000, BEA will release a Gross Product by Industry CD-ROM (product number RCN-0265, price $35.00), which contains current-dollar estimates of GSP and its three components compensation of employees, indirect business tax and nontax liability, and property-type income and real GSP estimates in chain-type quantity indexes for 1977-98 and in chained (1996) dollars for 198698 for the U.S., 50 states, and the District of Columbia. The CDROM includes a data-retrieval program that allows users to view or print selected records from the database and selected analytical tables and charts. Users may also export selected data to a file for importation into computer spreadsheets. For further information, call 202-606-5340, or e-mail gspread@bea.gov>.
STATUSA maintains an Internet site, which contain BEA estimates, the Survey of Current Business, and BEA news releases. For more information about STAT-USA, go to www.stat-usa.gov>, or call (202) 482-1986. Subscriptions for single-user unlimited access to STATUSA's Internet information are $75.00 for 3 months or $175.00 for 1 year.
Summary BEA estimates are available on recorded messages at the time of public release at the following telephone numbers:
(202) 606-5306 Gross domestic product
606-5303 Personal income and outlays
606-5362 Summary of international transactions
Most of BEA's estimates and analyses appear in the Survey of Current Business, BEA's monthly journal. The printed Survey of Current Business is available from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington D.C. 20402. First class mail: Annual subscription $120.00 domestic. Second class mail: Annual subscription $48.00 domestic, $60.00 foreign; single issue $17.25 domestic, $21.56 foreign.
State release dates for the rest of 2000:
State Per Capita Personal Income, 1999 (revised) ....... September 12 (Tuesday) State Personal Income, Second Quarter 2000 ............. October 25 (Wednesday)
Table 1. Average Annual Percent Change in Real Gross State Product by Major Industry, 199298
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Rank
of per-
Total Agri- Trans- Finance cent
gross culture, Mining Con- Manu- portation Whole- Retail insur- Ser- Govern- change
state forestry, struc- factur- and sale trade ance, vices ment in total
product and tion ing public trade and real gross
fishing utilities estate state
product
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
United States ............. 3.9 1.5 4.7 4.0 4.9 4.6 6.9 5.7 3.6 3.5 0.8 .......
New England ............. 3.8 1.5 6.8 4.0 4.3 3.0 6.9 5.0 3.9 3.4 .9 .......
Connecticut ........... 3.1 2.5 0 2.3 3.2 2.7 5.8 3.8 3.4 3.2 .2 38
Maine ................. 2.5 .3 5.2 1.9 2.8 2.6 6.0 5.0 2.4 2.6 -.8 48
Massachusetts ......... 4.1 1.8 8.7 5.5 3.9 3.1 7.5 5.7 4.5 3.7 1.7 17
New Hampshire ......... 6.3 1.8 6.4 6.0 12.7 3.3 10.6 6.6 4.5 3.6 .9 6
Rhode Island .......... 2.8 -.4 6.7 2.9 .9 5.4 5.7 3.8 4.0 2.1 .9 42
Vermont ............... 2.8 .7 10.7 2.1 4.1 1.6 3.6 4.5 2.5 2.8 .9 43
Mideast ................. 2.7 1.1 7.0 1.4 2.2 3.5 5.2 4.1 3.8 2.1 0 .......
Delaware .............. 3.8 2.3 3.8 -2.0 1.0 3.0 5.8 5.7 5.2 4.3 2.4 28
District of Columbia .. .4 -.5 .6 -.6 -3.0 -.5 -.8 0 5.1 1.1 -1.5 .......
Maryland .............. 2.9 1.1 9.3 2.4 3.3 4.1 6.3 4.1 2.5 2.9 1.1 41
New Jersey ............ 3.0 3.3 7.2 1.6 1.1 4.4 5.9 4.1 3.3 3.1 .3 39
New York .............. 2.7 1.1 4.5 1.4 .7 3.4 4.6 4.0 4.6 1.5 0 47
Pennsylvania .......... 2.7 -.1 7.5 .9 4.4 3.1 4.9 4.3 2.0 2.1 0 45
Great Lakes ............. 3.9 1.0 3.5 3.7 4.9 3.8 6.8 5.8 3.2 3.3 .8 .......
Illinois .............. 4.0 -.5 -.7 2.4 5.4 4.6 5.5 4.8 3.9 3.7 1.1 25
Indiana ............... 4.2 .6 8.4 4.2 6.1 2.6 7.2 5.8 2.6 3.0 .6 15
Michigan .............. 4.1 1.9 2.3 6.2 4.7 4.6 8.1 7.3 2.1 3.6 0 21
Ohio .................. 3.5 1.9 5.5 3.6 3.8 2.8 7.1 5.8 3.2 2.5 .8 32
Wisconsin ............. 4.1 2.0 6.7 2.9 5.3 4.1 7.1 5.7 3.4 3.4 1.4 16
Plains .................. 3.9 -.4 3.3 4.8 4.3 4.4 7.1 6.0 3.6 3.7 .9 .......
Iowa .................. 4.0 -1.0 6.7 4.3 6.6 5.1 6.7 5.0 2.9 3.1 1.0 23
Kansas ................ 3.4 -.6 .9 4.5 3.7 4.0 7.6 6.5 1.8 3.3 .7 34
Minnesota ............. 4.3 1.0 5.4 3.9 3.8 4.4 8.0 6.5 4.8 4.1 1.1 14
Missouri .............. 3.7 .2 4.2 5.4 2.9 4.2 6.4 5.9 3.7 3.5 1.5 30
Nebraska .............. 3.6 -1.8 4.7 6.7 3.9 5.9 6.0 5.9 2.8 4.6 .6 31
North Dakota .......... 3.2 -1.0 4.3 5.7 11.6 3.0 6.7 5.7 1.6 3.5 -.4 36
South Dakota .......... 4.1 1.2 .8 3.7 10.8 3.3 7.3 5.1 4.3 3.1 -.3 20
Southeast ............... 4.3 2.1 10.4 4.8 3.6 4.6 7.7 6.5 4.4 4.6 1.0 .......
Alabama ............... 3.2 3.2 7.6 3.7 2.5 2.4 7.1 6.4 4.0 2.7 .3 37
Arkansas .............. 3.7 2.2 10.6 3.6 4.4 3.1 6.9 6.5 2.4 3.0 1.2 29
Florida ............... 4.4 1.5 5.3 4.4 3.0 5.1 8.1 6.6 4.1 4.4 1.4 13
Georgia ............... 5.8 4.4 10.5 6.8 5.4 6.6 8.7 7.8 5.4 6.0 2.2 9
Kentucky .............. 4.1 .6 6.5 3.1 5.8 4.0 8.6 6.2 2.4 3.3 .5 18
Louisiana ............. 4.1 .5 13.8 4.2 2.5 2.7 6.6 5.8 2.1 2.5 .6 19
Mississippi ........... 4.0 4.5 .1 7.2 2.9 1.9 7.4 6.8 2.4 6.6 2.2 24
North Carolina ........ 4.9 3.2 7.2 6.4 3.6 4.4 7.4 6.5 7.6 5.4 1.9 11
South Carolina ........ 3.9 3.0 10.0 4.7 3.3 3.4 8.5 7.0 4.2 4.7 0 27
Tennessee ............. 4.1 -.6 2.0 5.4 2.1 4.9 7.6 6.8 5.3 4.3 .9 22
Virginia .............. 3.9 0 7.2 3.9 3.4 6.1 7.0 5.7 4.2 5.6 -.1 26
West Virginia ......... 2.7 -.9 7.7 1.5 3.3 .9 4.4 4.3 1.5 2.1 1.9 44
Southwest ............... 5.7 1.6 3.0 6.3 10.0 6.2 9.2 7.0 4.0 4.9 1.8 .......
Arizona ............... 7.5 4.9 -.3 9.6 13.9 5.8 11.6 8.5 6.6 6.4 2.5 1
New Mexico ............ 6.2 3.9 6.6 5.1 19.3 3.9 6.7 5.7 3.8 3.0 1.2 7
Oklahoma .............. 3.0 -.5 .8 4.2 4.0 3.9 5.4 5.3 1.7 3.6 .2 40
Texas ................. 5.6 1.1 3.0 5.8 9.5 6.7 9.3 7.0 3.7 4.9 2.0 10
Rocky Mountain .......... 6.1 1.7 6.5 7.6 7.7 8.0 9.1 7.7 6.3 5.5 1.5 .......
Colorado .............. 6.6 4.2 14.0 8.6 5.4 10.6 9.4 8.0 6.5 6.4 1.6 5
Idaho ................. 6.1 2.0 7.0 3.6 13.5 5.9 8.4 6.6 3.9 4.0 2.4 8
Montana ............... 2.7 -1.5 3.9 4.7 2.8 3.0 6.5 4.6 2.2 3.0 .6 46
Utah .................. 6.9 2.3 5.5 9.7 9.1 6.9 10.0 9.2 9.0 5.2 1.9 4
Wyoming ............... 3.4 -3.5 4.0 3.9 8.4 3.4 7.4 5.5 4.0 2.4 -.2 33
Far West ................ 3.6 2.7 -1.3 3.0 6.8 4.9 6.1 5.1 2.4 3.1 .3 .......
Alaska ................ -.4 -.4 -5.1 1.4 -2.9 3.1 4.7 3.8 2.1 1.2 -2.1 49
California ............ 3.2 3.2 .4 2.4 6.2 4.6 5.8 4.8 2.1 2.6 -.1 35
Hawaii ................ -.5 -2.3 -6.5 -8.3 -5.0 2.1 2.1 1.5 0 -.6 -.7 50
Nevada ................ 6.9 8.5 4.2 12.9 11.6 7.7 10.6 10.3 7.5 4.3 3.9 3
Oregon ................ 7.2 3.1 5.6 7.6 17.3 3.8 8.5 6.5 3.3 4.2 2.1 2
Washington ............ 4.4 .9 6.7 2.3 3.0 7.2 6.6 5.7 3.6 6.6 1.3 12
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source: Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of Commerce.
Table 2. Contributions to Percent Change in Real Gross State Product, 199298 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Average Percentage points annual ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- percent Agri- Trans- Finance change culture, Mining Con- Manu- portation Whole- Retail insur- Ser- Govern- in total forestry, struc- factur- and sale trade ance, vices ment gross and tion ing public trade and real state fishing utilities estate product ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- United States ............. 3.9 0.02 0.06 0.16 0.83 0.39 0.47 0.51 0.68 0.71 0.10 New England ............. 3.8 .01 0 .14 .74 .21 .46 .42 .92 .78 .09 Connecticut ........... 3.1 .02 0 .08 .57 .18 .39 .29 .91 .67 .02 Maine ................. 2.5 .01 0 .09 .47 .20 .35 .59 .43 .49 -.12 Massachusetts ......... 4.1 .01 .01 .18 .60 .20 .53 .45 1.02 .97 .16 New Hampshire ......... 6.3 .01 .01 .22 2.84 .23 .63 .63 1.00 .70 .08 Rhode Island .......... 2.8 0 0 .10 .17 .39 .29 .33 .94 .46 .12 Vermont ............... 2.8 .02 .04 .09 .78 .14 .21 .42 .42 .57 .11 Mideast ................. 2.7 .01 .01 .05 .30 .30 .34 .30 .94 .47 .01 Delaware .............. 3.8 .02 0 -.07 .17 .16 .22 .38 2.03 .62 .23 District of Columbia .. .4 0 0 -.01 -.07 -.02 -.01 0 .69 .34 -.56 Maryland .............. 2.9 .01 .01 .13 .28 .33 .38 .37 .53 .66 .20 New Jersey ............ 3.0 .02 0 .06 .16 .42 .55 .30 .75 .69 .03 New York .............. 2.7 0 0 .04 .09 .28 .28 .27 1.38 .34 -.01 Pennsylvania .......... 2.7 0 .04 .04 .88 .28 .30 .38 .36 .45 0 Great Lakes ............. 3.9 .01 .01 .15 1.20 .31 .48 .52 .52 .62 .08 Illinois .............. 4.0 -.01 0 .10 .96 .43 .44 .40 .77 .78 .11 Indiana ............... 4.2 .01 .04 .20 1.86 .22 .43 .51 .34 .49 .06 Michigan .............. 4.1 .02 .01 .24 1.26 .31 .58 .67 .32 .69 0 Ohio .................. 3.5 .02 .02 .14 1.00 .22 .49 .54 .48 .45 .09 Wisconsin ............. 4.1 .05 .01 .13 1.45 .30 .44 .50 .52 .57 .16 Plains .................. 3.9 -.02 .02 .20 .82 .42 .54 .54 .55 .67 .12 Iowa .................. 4.0 -.07 .02 .17 1.60 .40 .47 .42 .41 .49 .12 Kansas ................ 3.4 -.03 .01 .17 .66 .45 .58 .62 .24 .57 .09 Minnesota ............. 4.3 .02 .03 .18 .73 .34 .64 .59 .84 .81 .12 Missouri .............. 3.7 0 .01 .23 .60 .45 .47 .55 .54 .68 .17 Nebraska .............. 3.6 -.15 .01 .27 .56 .62 .47 .49 .40 .80 .09 North Dakota .......... 3.2 -.11 .13 .24 .83 .30 .56 .52 .21 .59 -.07 South Dakota .......... 4.1 .12 .01 .14 1.31 .27 .47 .49 .82 .50 -.05 Southeast ............... 4.3 .04 .16 .20 .66 .43 .52 .64 .70 .86 .15 Alabama ............... 3.2 .06 .09 .15 .54 .22 .45 .62 .51 .45 .05 Arkansas .............. 3.7 .10 .10 .14 1.05 .35 .43 .69 .28 .45 .16 Florida ............... 4.4 .03 .01 .20 .25 .46 .59 .73 .88 1.03 .19 Georgia ............... 5.8 .07 .05 .25 .95 .77 .79 .69 .84 1.09 .29 Kentucky .............. 4.1 .02 .19 .13 1.53 .34 .50 .57 .27 .50 .08 Louisiana ............. 4.1 .01 1.57 .20 .41 .27 .38 .50 .27 .42 .08 Mississippi ........... 4.0 .12 0 .27 .68 .21 .42 .69 .27 .98 .35 North Carolina ........ 4.9 .07 .01 .26 .99 .35 .48 .59 1.09 .83 .26 South Carolina ........ 3.9 .04 .02 .22 .83 .27 .48 .72 .57 .72 -.01 Tennessee ............. 4.1 -.01 .01 .21 .48 .40 .56 .74 .72 .86 .12 Virginia .............. 3.9 0 .04 .16 .50 .55 .38 .47 .72 1.14 -.01 West Virginia ......... 2.7 -.01 .65 .07 .52 .12 .23 .39 .16 .34 .27 Southwest ............... 5.7 .03 .17 .28 1.47 .65 .65 .66 .60 .92 .23 Arizona ............... 7.5 .08 0 .51 1.99 .47 .72 .89 1.22 1.31 .33 New Mexico ............ 6.2 .09 .50 .22 2.87 .32 .30 .56 .52 .56 .22 Oklahoma .............. 3.0 -.01 .04 .13 .71 .39 .33 .53 .21 .61 .04 Texas ................. 5.6 .02 .20 .26 1.36 .75 .71 .64 .53 .91 .24 Rocky Mountain .......... 6.1 .04 .27 .39 .95 .86 .55 .74 .97 1.08 .23 Colorado .............. 6.6 .07 .25 .44 .63 1.18 .59 .77 1.09 1.39 .22 Idaho ................. 6.1 .13 .05 .22 2.41 .52 .54 .70 .51 .67 .36 Montana ............... 2.7 -.08 .18 .21 .21 .36 .40 .46 .29 .55 .11 Utah .................. 6.9 .03 .15 .49 1.33 .62 .61 .92 1.37 1.04 .31 Wyoming ............... 3.4 -.09 1.18 .15 .43 .47 .25 .38 .43 .25 -.03 Far West ................ 3.6 .06 -.01 .12 .92 .37 .41 .47 .51 .69 .03 Alaska ................ -.4 -.01 -1.40 .08 -.20 .72 .19 .35 .31 .20 -.64 California ............ 3.2 .06 0 .09 .85 .33 .39 .44 .47 .59 -.01 Hawaii ................ -.5 -.03 -.01 -.44 -.15 .21 .08 .16 0 -.12 -.16 Nevada ................ 6.9 .06 .14 .92 .47 .64 .49 1.00 1.30 1.40 .44 Oregon ................ 7.2 .10 .01 .36 3.69 .30 .66 .57 .53 .75 .27 Washington ............ 4.4 .03 .01 .11 .43 .59 .48 .54 .63 1.35 .19 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Source: Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of Commerce.
Table 3. Gross State Product in Current Dollars, 199298 [Millions of dollars] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Percentage of U.S. total 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 ------------------------ 1992 1998 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ United States ............. 6,209,096 6,513,026 6,930,791 7,309,516 7,715,901 8,240,312 8,745,219 100.0 100.0 New England ............. 357,024 373,192 394,281 416,073 439,550 471,712 501,809 5.8 5.7 Connecticut ........... 103,766 107,993 112,588 118,973 124,693 134,792 142,099 1.7 1.6 Maine ................. 24,374 25,373 26,550 28,087 29,064 30,645 32,318 .4 .4 Massachusetts ......... 167,304 175,610 187,755 197,105 209,623 223,483 239,379 2.7 2.7 New Hampshire ......... 26,386 27,495 29,393 32,373 35,047 38,137 41,313 .4 .5 Rhode Island .......... 22,650 23,581 24,254 25,556 26,444 29,175 30,443 .4 .3 Vermont ............... 12,544 13,140 13,741 13,981 14,679 15,479 16,257 .2 .2 Mideast ................. 1,233,987 1,282,421 1,340,725 1,402,706 1,470,975 1,557,000 1,642,760 19.9 18.8 Delaware .............. 23,061 23,755 24,994 27,388 28,704 31,198 33,735 .4 .4 District of Columbia .. 44,458 46,596 47,484 48,399 48,499 50,599 54,100 .7 .6 Maryland .............. 120,700 126,485 134,066 139,732 145,390 155,008 164,798 1.9 1.9 New Jersey ............ 235,423 246,607 257,970 271,297 285,528 303,580 319,201 3.8 3.7 New York .............. 535,201 551,181 575,671 597,823 634,150 669,446 706,886 8.6 8.1 Pennsylvania .......... 275,144 287,797 300,540 318,066 328,704 347,169 364,039 4.4 4.2 Great Lakes ............. 997,068 1,052,724 1,139,204 1,191,285 1,243,237 1,320,758 1,393,449 16.1 15.9 Illinois .............. 303,914 317,896 342,888 359,843 376,489 402,282 425,679 4.9 4.9 Indiana ............... 123,833 131,731 141,895 148,642 155,304 163,775 174,433 2.0 2.0 Michigan .............. 206,526 222,734 246,629 253,940 264,848 280,178 294,505 3.3 3.4 Ohio .................. 250,471 260,853 280,572 295,207 305,559 325,239 341,070 4.0 3.9 Wisconsin ............. 112,324 119,510 127,220 133,653 141,037 149,283 157,761 1.8 1.8 Plains .................. 411,582 425,080 460,524 485,137 517,444 548,209 575,958 6.6 6.6 Iowa .................. 61,561 63,160 69,611 72,152 77,522 81,574 84,628 1.0 1.0 Kansas ................ 56,381 58,416 62,154 63,983 67,972 73,059 76,991 .9 .9 Minnesota ............. 111,868 115,517 124,986 131,848 141,479 152,340 161,392 1.8 1.8 Missouri .............. 116,057 119,772 130,099 139,738 146,804 155,243 162,772 1.9 1.9 Nebraska .............. 37,598 38,765 42,177 44,302 48,043 49,771 51,737 .6 .6 North Dakota .......... 12,939 13,103 14,140 14,747 16,089 16,193 17,214 .2 .2 South Dakota .......... 15,177 16,347 17,356 18,366 19,534 20,030 21,224 .2 .2 Southeast ............... 1,320,312 1,399,887 1,503,543 1,598,962 1,683,921 1,794,626 1,909,142 21.3 21.8 Alabama ............... 81,087 84,411 89,611 95,341 98,994 104,681 109,833 1.3 1.3 Arkansas .............. 44,645 47,177 50,817 53,619 56,517 59,116 61,628 .7 .7 Florida ............... 285,177 304,651 325,135 344,381 365,837 391,073 418,851 4.6 4.8 Georgia ............... 160,727 171,993 187,153 202,750 218,381 233,773 253,769 2.6 2.9 Kentucky .............. 76,697 80,839 86,850 91,437 95,500 101,445 107,152 1.2 1.2 Louisiana ............. 91,315 96,146 105,292 114,105 120,127 127,177 129,251 1.5 1.5 Mississippi ........... 44,217 47,356 51,261 54,398 56,310 59,292 62,216 .7 .7 North Carolina ........ 160,116 168,859 182,164 194,514 203,971 220,900 235,752 2.6 2.7 South Carolina ........ 71,911 75,829 81,253 86,484 89,242 94,539 100,350 1.2 1.1 Tennessee ............. 111,831 119,685 129,541 136,628 141,812 150,728 159,575 1.8 1.8 Virginia .............. 161,704 170,723 179,709 189,003 199,993 213,358 230,825 2.6 2.6 West Virginia ......... 30,885 32,217 34,757 36,302 37,237 38,545 39,938 .5 .5 Southwest ............... 598,358 640,180 687,547 731,442 786,427 854,838 908,787 9.6 10.4 Arizona ............... 78,930 85,442 95,780 104,638 113,099 123,132 133,801 1.3 1.5 New Mexico ............ 32,824 37,021 41,651 42,016 43,825 46,484 47,736 .5 .5 Oklahoma .............. 61,924 64,749 66,526 69,355 73,893 78,321 81,655 1.0 .9 Texas ................. 424,680 452,968 483,591 515,433 555,609 606,901 645,596 6.8 7.4 Rocky Mountain .......... 170,376 185,130 200,599 216,002 232,322 251,630 269,742 2.7 3.1 Colorado .............. 85,786 93,553 101,636 109,198 117,470 129,653 141,791 1.4 1.6 Idaho ................. 20,326 22,662 24,773 27,020 27,948 29,086 30,936 .3 .4 Montana ............... 15,097 16,148 17,023 17,664 18,214 19,060 19,861 .2 .2 Utah .................. 35,632 38,407 42,295 46,424 51,631 56,062 59,624 .6 .7 Wyoming ............... 13,535 14,360 14,871 15,697 17,059 17,770 17,530 .2 .2 Far West ................ 1,120,390 1,154,413 1,204,369 1,267,909 1,342,025 1,441,539 1,543,572 18.0 17.7 Alaska ................ 22,371 22,842 22,769 24,203 24,841 25,512 24,236 .4 .3 California ............ 830,950 846,994 878,124 924,582 971,777 1,043,669 1,118,945 13.4 12.8 Hawaii ................ 35,532 36,304 36,763 37,259 37,517 38,807 39,712 .6 .5 Nevada ................ 36,468 39,844 44,842 49,094 54,033 58,488 63,044 .6 .7 Oregon ................ 64,297 70,050 75,328 81,301 91,902 98,837 104,771 1.0 1.2 Washington ............ 130,772 138,379 146,543 151,469 161,954 176,226 192,864 2.1 2.2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Note: Estimates may not add to totals due to rounding. Source: Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of Commerce.
Table 4. Real Gross State Product, 199298 [Millions of chained (1996) dollars] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- United States ............. 6,774,505 6,918,389 7,203,002 7,433,965 7,715,901 8,120,854 8,537,669 New England ............. 391,240 397,345 409,864 422,407 439,550 464,268 488,566 Connecticut ........... 114,803 115,803 117,689 121,117 124,693 132,534 138,053 Maine ................. 27,024 27,304 27,807 28,357 29,064 30,247 31,345 Massachusetts ......... 182,741 186,538 194,901 200,157 209,623 219,760 232,871 New Hampshire ......... 28,363 28,796 30,104 32,614 35,047 37,864 41,036 Rhode Island .......... 24,871 25,170 25,278 26,029 26,444 28,570 29,365 Vermont ............... 13,496 13,781 14,108 14,139 14,679 15,295 15,919 Mideast ................. 1,355,422 1,369,422 1,397,787 1,426,445 1,470,975 1,528,081 1,591,478 Delaware .............. 25,626 25,902 26,518 28,042 28,704 30,047 31,989 District of Columbia .. 50,648 51,218 50,659 49,728 48,499 49,472 51,733 Maryland .............. 133,915 136,121 140,458 142,378 145,390 152,097 158,963 New Jersey ............ 258,134 262,558 267,916 274,872 285,528 297,942 307,978 New York .............. 586,642 588,000 600,744 609,295 634,150 657,205 687,692 Pennsylvania .......... 300,549 305,716 311,559 322,138 328,704 341,318 353,113 Great Lakes ............. 1,083,371 1,113,984 1,177,196 1,206,744 1,243,237 1,305,974 1,363,951 Illinois .............. 329,227 335,456 353,956 364,546 376,489 397,037 416,082 Indiana ............... 133,875 138,769 146,068 150,256 155,304 162,223 170,931 Michigan .............. 226,389 237,047 255,611 258,074 264,848 277,042 287,972 Ohio .................. 271,939 275,961 289,758 298,746 305,559 321,360 333,621 Wisconsin ............. 121,899 126,747 131,820 135,125 141,037 148,310 155,347 Plains .................. 450,660 453,155 479,678 494,661 517,444 543,367 565,708 Iowa .................. 66,677 66,780 72,096 73,641 77,522 81,627 84,517 Kansas ................ 61,894 62,379 64,934 65,502 67,972 72,341 75,544 Minnesota ............. 122,653 123,241 130,138 133,799 141,479 150,560 157,876 Missouri .............. 127,238 127,687 135,210 142,137 146,804 153,109 158,371 Nebraska .............. 41,324 41,493 44,175 45,484 48,043 49,548 51,004 North Dakota .......... 14,239 14,066 14,902 15,229 16,089 16,188 17,205 South Dakota .......... 16,656 17,533 18,233 18,868 19,534 19,986 21,188 Southeast ............... 1,436,780 1,485,175 1,564,691 1,625,874 1,683,921 1,767,260 1,853,699 Alabama ............... 88,824 90,134 93,434 96,435 98,994 103,324 107,046 Arkansas .............. 48,687 50,160 52,813 54,500 56,517 58,709 60,658 Florida ............... 313,737 325,329 338,630 350,118 365,837 384,232 405,415 Georgia ............... 175,485 182,897 194,779 205,619 218,381 230,249 245,848 Kentucky .............. 81,855 84,494 89,510 92,761 95,500 100,300 104,281 Louisiana ............. 101,122 103,818 112,295 119,025 120,127 124,606 128,814 Mississippi ........... 47,932 49,868 52,889 55,223 56,310 58,479 60,650 North Carolina ........ 170,456 176,205 188,525 197,408 203,971 217,764 227,619 South Carolina ........ 77,945 80,291 84,281 87,342 89,242 93,577 97,852 Tennessee ............. 121,946 127,032 134,308 138,440 141,812 148,582 154,986 Virginia .............. 175,811 181,189 187,546 192,517 199,993 209,445 221,678 West Virginia ......... 32,977 33,752 35,664 36,522 37,237 37,996 38,792 Southwest ............... 647,898 676,575 715,048 748,321 786,427 842,760 901,039 Arizona ............... 85,256 89,877 98,394 105,504 113,099 121,676 131,765 New Mexico ............ 33,987 37,638 41,977 42,474 43,825 46,324 48,638 Oklahoma .............. 67,439 68,757 69,468 71,057 73,893 77,170 80,337 Texas ................. 461,460 480,446 505,225 529,297 555,609 597,587 640,283 Rocky Mountain .......... 185,871 196,880 208,871 220,382 232,322 248,068 264,516 Colorado .............. 94,002 99,782 106,001 111,481 117,470 127,525 138,081 Idaho ................. 21,743 23,542 25,198 27,255 27,948 29,074 31,036 Montana ............... 16,603 17,257 17,762 17,976 18,214 18,832 19,487 Utah .................. 39,006 40,976 44,040 47,105 51,631 55,137 58,076 Wyoming ............... 14,564 15,361 15,898 16,570 17,059 17,491 17,806 Far West ................ 1,223,606 1,225,914 1,249,752 1,289,080 1,342,025 1,421,108 1,508,919 Alaska ................ 25,044 25,158 24,797 25,625 24,841 25,073 24,440 California ............ 905,210 897,580 909,906 940,085 971,777 1,028,908 1,093,871 Hawaii ................ 39,101 38,806 38,328 37,963 37,517 37,996 38,015 Nevada ................ 40,235 42,912 46,818 49,735 54,033 57,028 59,911 Oregon ................ 69,577 73,267 76,908 81,558 91,902 98,665 105,752 Washington ............ 144,567 148,365 153,150 154,217 161,954 173,451 186,958 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Note: Chained (1996) dollar series are calculated (using national chain-type implicit price deflators) as the product of the chain-type quantity index and the 1996 current-dollar value of the corresponding series, divided by 100. Because the formula for the chain-type quantity indexes uses weights of more than one period, the corresponding chained-dollar estimates are usually not additive; that is, state totals usually do not add to regional totals or to U.S. totals, and regional totals usually do not add to U.S. totals. Source: Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of Commerce.