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EMBARGOED UNTIL RELEASE AT 10:00 A.M. EDT, Friday, June 25, 2021

BEA 21-31

Gross Domestic Product by State, 1st Quarter 2021

Nevada had the largest increase in the first quarter

Real gross domestic product (GDP) increased in all 50 states and the District of Columbia in the first quarter of 2021, as real GDP for the nation increased at an annual rate of 6.4 percent, according to statistics released today by the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis. The percent change in real GDP in the first quarter ranged from 10.9 percent in Nevada to 2.9 percent in the District of Columbia (table 1).

Real GDP: Percent Change at Annual Rate, 2020:Q4-2021:Q1

Coronavirus (COVID-19) Impact on First-Quarter 2021 GDP by State Estimates

The increases in first quarter GDP by state reflected the continued economic recovery, reopening of establishments, and continued government response related to the COVID-19 pandemic. In the first quarter, government assistance payments, such as direct economic impact payments, expanded unemployment benefits, and Paycheck Protection Program loans, were distributed to households and businesses through the Coronavirus Response and Relief Supplemental Appropriations Act and the American Rescue Plan Act. The full economic effects of the COVID-19 pandemic cannot be quantified in the GDP by state estimates for the first quarter of 2021, because the impacts are generally embedded in source data and cannot be separately identified.

Durable goods manufacturing; professional, scientific, and technical services; and information services were the leading contributors to the increase in real GDP nationally (table 2). Accommodation and food services was the leading contributor to the increase in Nevada. Accommodation and food services increased 16.9 percent nationally and contributed to the increases in all 50 states and the District of Columbia.

Other highlights

Durable goods manufacturing increased 15.6 percent nationally and contributed to the increases in 48 states. This industry was the leading contributor to the increases in 24 states including Utah, the state with the second largest increase.
Professional, scientific and technical services increased 11.8 percent nationally and contributed to the increases in all 50 states and the District of Columbia. This industry was the leading contributor to the increase in six states and the District of Columbia.
Information services increased 14.4 percent nationally and contributed to the increases in all 50 states and the District of Columbia. This industry was the leading contributor to the increase in Colorado, the state with the fifth largest increase.
Nondurable goods manufacturing decreased 4.2 percent nationally. This industry moderated increases in real GDP in 36 states, including Texas, the state with the smallest increase.

Annual Update of GDP by State

Revised annual GDP by state estimates for 1998 to 2020 will be released on October 1, 2021. In addition, revised estimates for the first quarter of 2005 through the first quarter of 2021 and new estimates for the second quarter of 2021 will also be released. The November 2021 Survey of Current Business will contain an article that describes the results.

Next release: October 1, 2021, at 10:00 A.M. EDT
Gross Domestic Product by State, 2nd Quarter 2021 and Annual Update, 2020

Full Release & Tables (PDF)

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Interactive Tables

Todd Siebeneck

(301) 278-9705

gdpbystate@bea.gov

Catherine Wang

(301) 278-9670

gdpbystate@bea.gov

News Media

Jeannine Aversa

(301) 278-9003

Jeannine.Aversa@bea.gov

Resources

Information on COVID-19 and recovery impacts is available on our website.
Stay informed about BEA developments by reading The BEA Wire, signing up for BEA's email subscription service, or following BEA on Twitter @BEA_News.
Historical time series for these estimates can be accessed in BEA's Interactive Data Application.
Access BEA data by registering for BEA's Data Application Programming Interface.
For more on BEA's statistics, see our monthly online journal, the Survey of Current Business.
BEA's news release schedule.
BEA Regional Facts (BEARFACTS): a narrative summary of personal income, per capita personal income, components of income, and gross domestic product for counties, metropolitan statistical areas, and states.
Complete information on the sources and methods for the estimation of BEA's Gross Domestic Product by State.

Definitions

Gross domestic product by state is the market value of goods and services produced by the labor and property located in a state. GDP by state is the state counterpart of the nation's gross domestic product, the Bureau's featured and most comprehensive measure of U.S. economic activity.

Current-dollar statistics are valued in the prices of the period when the transactions occurred—that is, at "market value." Also referred to as "nominal GDP" or "current-price GDP."

Real values are inflation-adjusted statistics—that is, these exclude the effects of price changes.

Contributions to growth are an industry's contribution to the state's overall percent change in real GDP. The contributions are additive and can be summed to the state's overall percent change.

Statistical conventions

Seasonal adjustment and annual rates. Quarterly values are expressed at seasonally-adjusted annual rates. For details, see the FAQ "Why does BEA publish estimates at annual rates?"

Quantities and prices. Quantities, or "real" measures, are expressed as index numbers with a specified reference year equal to 100 (currently 2012). Quantity indexes are calculated using a Fisher-chained weighted formula that incorporates weights from two adjacent periods (quarters for quarterly data and annuals for annual data). "Real" dollar series are calculated by multiplying the quantity index by the current dollar value in the reference year and then dividing by 100. Percent changes calculated from chained-dollar levels and quantity indexes are conceptually the same; any differences are due to rounding.

Chained-dollar values are not additive because the relative weights for a given period differ from those of the reference year.

Chained-dollar values of GDP by state are derived by applying national chain-type price indexes to the current dollar values of GDP by state for the 21 North American Industry Classification System -based industry sectors. The chain-type index formula that is used in the national accounts is then used to calculate the values of total real GDP by state and real GDP by state at more aggregated industry levels. Real GDP by state may reflect a substantial volume of output that is sold to other states and countries. To the extent that a state's output is produced and sold in national markets at relatively uniform prices (or sold locally at national prices), real GDP by state captures the differences across states that reflect the relative differences in the mix of goods and services that the states produce. However, real GDP by state does not capture geographic differences in the prices of goods and services that are produced and sold locally.

BEA regions

BEA groups all 50 states and the District of Columbia into 8 distinct regions for purposes of presentation and analysis as follows:

New England (Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont)
Mideast (Delaware, District of Columbia, Maryland, New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania)
Great Lakes (Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, and Wisconsin)
Plains (Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota)
Southeast (Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, and West Virginia)
Southwest (Arizona, New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Texas)
Rocky Mountain (Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Utah, and Wyoming)
Far West (Alaska, California, Hawaii, Nevada, Oregon, and Washington)

Uses of GDP by state statistics

GDP by state statistics provide a framework for analyzing current economic conditions in each state and can serve as a basis for decisionmaking. For example:

Federal government agencies use the statistics in forecasting models to project energy and water use.
State governments use the statistics to project tax revenues and the need for public services.
Academic regional economists use the statistics for applied research.
Businesses, trade associations, and labor organizations use the statistics for market research.

List of News Release Tables

Table 1. Percent Change from Preceding Period in Real Gross Domestic Product, by State and Region, 2020:Q1–2021:Q1

Table 2. Contributions to Percent Change in Real Gross Domestic Product, by State and Region, 2020:Q4–2021:Q1

Table 3. Current-Dollar Gross Domestic Product, by State and Region, 2020:Q1–2021:Q1