News Release
U.S. International Transactions: Fourth Quarter 2007
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Douglas B. Weinberg: | (202) 606-9590 |
U.S. International Transactions: Fourth Quarter and Year 2007
Current Account
Current Account
The U.S. current-account deficit--the combined balances on trade in goods and services, income, and net unilateral current transfers--decreased to $172.9 billion (preliminary) in the fourth quarter of 2007 from $177.4 billion (revised) in the third quarter. The decrease was more than accounted for by increases in the surpluses on income and on services. Increases in the deficit on goods and in net unilateral current transfers to foreigners were partly offsetting. Goods and services The deficit on goods and services increased to $177.9 billion in the fourth quarter from $172.6 billion in the third. Goods The deficit on goods increased to $208.1 billion in the fourth quarter from $200.5 billion in the third. Goods exports increased to $304.3 billion from $297.1 billion. The increase was largely accounted for by increases in nonagricultural industrial supplies and materials and in capital goods. Goods imports increased to $512.3 billion from $497.7 billion. The increase was more than accounted for by a large increase in petroleum and products. Nonpetroleum products decreased as a result of decreases in nonpetroleum industrial supplies and materials and in automotive vehicles, parts, and engines. Services The surplus on services increased to $30.2 billion in the fourth quarter from $28.0 billion in the third. Services receipts increased to $128.0 billion from $122.6 billion. The increase was largely accounted for by increases in other private services (such as business, professional, and technical services, insurance services, and financial services), in travel, and in other transportation (such as freight and port services). Services payments increased to $97.8 billion from $94.6 billion. The largest increase was in other private services. All other services categories also increased. Income The surplus on income increased to $33.0 billion in the fourth quarter from $21.3 billion in the third. Investment income Income receipts on U.S.-owned assets abroad decreased to $203.5 billion from $205.7 billion. A decrease in other private receipts (which consists of interest and dividends) was partly offset by an increase in direct investment receipts. Income payments on foreign-owned assets in the United States decreased to $168.8 billion from $182.6 billion. The decrease was more than accounted for by decreases in direct investment payments and, to a lesser extent, in other private payments (which consists of interest and dividends). U.S. Government payments (which consists of interest) increased. Compensation of employees Receipts for compensation of U.S. workers abroad were nearly unchanged at $0.8 billion, and payments for compensation of foreign workers in the United States edged up to $2.5 billion. Unilateral current transfers Net unilateral current transfers to foreigners were $28.1 billion in the fourth quarter, up from $26.2 billion in the third. The increase was more than accounted for by an increase in U.S. Government grants. Capital Account Net capital account payments (outflows) were virtually unchanged at $0.6 billion in the fourth quarter. Financial Account Net financial inflows--net acquisitions by foreign residents of assets in the United States less net acquisitions by U.S. residents of assets abroad-- were $230.1 billion in the fourth quarter, up from $111.1 billion in the third. Net acquisitions by foreign residents picked up, and net acquisitions by U.S. residents slowed. U.S.-owned assets abroad U.S.-owned assets abroad increased $116.5 billion in the fourth quarter, following an increase of $174.0 billion in the third. U.S. claims on foreigners reported by U.S. banks increased $43.0 billion in the fourth quarter, following an increase of $102.5 billion in the third. Net U.S. purchases of foreign securities were $4.2 billion in the fourth quarter, down sharply from $100.2 billion in the third. Transactions in foreign stocks shifted to net U.S. sales of $9.8 billion from net U.S. purchases of $56.9 billion. Net U.S. purchases of foreign bonds were $14.0 billion, down from $43.3 billion. U.S. direct investment abroad increased $116.4 billion in the fourth quarter, following an increase of $58.7 billion in the third. The pickup was largely accounted for by a shift in net equity capital investment abroad from a decrease to an increase. In addition, net intercompany debt investment abroad decreased less in the fourth quarter than in the third, and reinvested earnings picked up. U.S. claims on unaffiliated foreigners reported by U.S. nonbanking concerns decreased $70.8 billion in the fourth quarter, following a decrease of $86.8 billion in the third. U.S. official reserve assets increased less than $0.1 billion in the fourth quarter, following an increase of $0.1 billion in the third. U.S. Government assets other than official reserve assets increased $23.6 billion in the fourth quarter, following a decrease of $0.6 billion in the third. The increase resulted from reciprocal currency arrangements between the U.S. Federal Reserve System and foreign central banks. Foreign-owned assets in the United States Foreign-owned assets in the United States increased $346.6 billion in the fourth quarter, following an increase of $276.6 billion in the third. U.S. liabilities to foreigners reported by U.S. banks increased $94.9 billion in the fourth quarter, following an increase of $68.4 billion in the third. Net foreign purchases of U.S. Treasury securities were $69.6 billion in the fourth quarter, up from $50.3 billion in the third. Transactions in U.S. securities other than U.S. Treasury securities shifted to net foreign purchases of $79.8 billion in the fourth quarter from net foreign sales of $43.1 billion in the third. Transactions in U.S. stocks shifted to net foreign purchases of $55.6 billion from net foreign sales of $19.9 billion. Transactions in U.S. corporate bonds shifted to net foreign purchases of $39.1 billion from net foreign sales of $7.0 billion. Net foreign sales of federally sponsored agency bonds were $15.0 billion, down from $16.3 billion. Foreign direct investment in the United States increased $39.9 billion in the fourth quarter, following an increase of $101.3 billion in the third. Slowdowns in net equity capital investment in the United States and, to a lesser extent, in reinvested earnings were partly offset by a pickup in net intercompany debt investment in the United States. U.S. liabilities to unaffiliated foreigners reported by U.S. nonbanking concerns decreased $93.3 billion in the fourth quarter, following an increase of $56.1 billion in the third. Foreign official assets in the United States increased $151.2 billion in the fourth quarter, following an increase of $38.9 billion in the third. Net U.S. currency shipments to foreigners were $4.5 billion in the fourth quarter, down from $4.7 billion in the third. The statistical discrepancy--errors and omissions in recorded transactions--was a negative $56.6 billion in the fourth quarter, compared with a positive $67.0 billion in the third. In the fourth quarter, the U.S. dollar depreciated 5 percent on a trade- weighted quarterly average basis against a group of 7 major currencies. The Year 2007 Current Account The U.S. current-account deficit--the combined balances on trade in goods and services, income, and net unilateral current transfers--decreased to $738.6 billion (preliminary) in 2007 from $811.5 billion in 2006. The decrease was more than accounted for by increases in the surpluses on income and on services and a decrease in the deficit on goods. An increase in net unilateral current transfers to foreigners was partly offsetting. Goods and services The deficit on goods and services decreased to $708.5 billion in 2007 from $758.5 billion in 2006. Goods The deficit on goods decreased to $815.4 billion in 2007 from $838.3 billion in 2006. Goods exports increased to $1,149.2 billion from $1,023.1 billion. The largest increases were in nonagricultural industrial supplies and materials and in capital goods. Agricultural products, consumer goods, and automotive vehicles, parts, and engines also contributed to the increase in total exports. Goods imports increased to $1,964.6 billion from $1,861.4 billion. The increase was largely accounted for by increases in consumer goods, petroleum and products, and capital goods. Services The surplus on services increased to $106.9 billion in 2007 from $79.7 billion in 2006. Services receipts increased to $479.2 billion from $422.6 billion. More than half of the increase was accounted for by an increase in other private services (such as business, professional, and technical services, insurance services, and financial services). The next largest increases were in travel, royalties and license fees, and other transportation (such as freight and port services). Services payments increased to $372.3 billion from $342.8 billion. Nearly two-thirds of the increase was accounted for by an increase in other private services. The next largest increase was in travel. Income The surplus on income increased to $74.3 billion in 2007 from $36.6 billion in 2006. Investment income Income receipts on U.S.-owned assets abroad increased to $779.3 billion from $647.6 billion. The increase was mostly accounted for by an increase in other private receipts (which consists of interest and dividends). Direct investment receipts also increased. Income payments on foreign-owned assets in the United States increased to $698.2 billion from $604.4 billion. The increase was mostly accounted for by an increase in other private payments (which consists of interest and dividends). U.S. Government payments (which consists of interest) also increased. In contrast, direct investment payments decreased. Compensation of employees Receipts for compensation of U.S. workers abroad edged up to $3.0 billion from $2.9 billion, and payments for compensation of foreign workers in the United States increased to $9.7 billion from $9.4 billion. Unilateral current transfers Net unilateral current transfers to foreigners were $104.4 billion in 2007, up from $89.6 billion in 2006. The increase was almost completely accounted for by increases in private remittances and other transfers and in U.S. Government grants. Capital Account Net capital account payments (outflows) were $2.3 billion in 2007, down from $3.9 billion in 2006. Financial Account Net financial inflows--net acquisitions by foreign residents of assets in the United States less net acquisitions by U.S. residents of assets abroad-- were $657.4 billion in 2007, down from $833.2 billion in 2006. Net acquisitions by U.S. residents increased much more than net acquisitions by foreign residents. U.S.-owned assets abroad U.S.-owned assets abroad increased $1,206.3 billion in 2007, following an increase of $1,055.2 billion in 2006. U.S. claims on foreigners reported by U.S. banks increased $589.8 billion in 2007, following an increase of $454.6 billion in 2006. Net U.S. purchases of foreign securities were $273.9 billion in 2007, down from $289.4 billion in 2006. Net U.S. purchases of foreign stocks were $131.0 billion, down from $138.5 billion. Net U.S. purchases of foreign bonds were $142.9 billion, down from $150.9 billion. U.S. direct investment abroad increased $335.4 billion in 2007, following an increase of $235.4 billion in 2006. The pickup was largely accounted for by pickups in net equity capital investment abroad and, to a lesser extent, in reinvested earnings. In addition, net intercompany debt investment abroad decreased less in 2007 than in 2006. U.S. claims on unaffiliated foreigners reported by U.S. nonbanking concerns decreased $15.8 billion in 2007, following an increase of $83.5 billion in 2006. U.S. official reserve assets increased $0.1 billion in 2007, following a decrease of $2.4 billion in 2006. U.S. Government assets other than official reserve assets increased $22.9 billion in 2007, following a decrease of $5.3 billion in 2006. The increase resulted from reciprocal currency arrangements between the U.S. Federal Reserve System and foreign central banks. Foreign-owned assets in the United States Foreign-owned assets in the United States increased $1,863.7 billion in 2007, following an increase of $1,859.6 billion in 2006. U.S. liabilities to foreigners reported by U.S. banks increased $510.9 billion in 2007, following an increase of $434.4 billion in 2006. Transactions in U.S. Treasury securities shifted to net foreign purchases of $166.3 billion in 2007 from net foreign sales of $35.9 billion in 2006. Net foreign purchases of U.S. securities other than U.S. Treasury securities were $391.9 billion in 2007, down from $592.0 billion in 2006. Net foreign purchases of U.S. stocks were $183.4 billion, up from $142.8 billion. Net foreign purchases of U.S. corporate bonds were $246.7 billion, down from $412.3 billion. Transactions in federally sponsored agency bonds shifted to net foreign sales of $38.2 billion from net foreign purchases of $36.9 billion. Foreign direct investment in the United States increased $204.4 billion in 2007, following an increase of $180.6 billion in 2006. The pickup was more than accounted for by a pickup in net equity capital investment in the United States. In contrast, net intercompany debt investment in the United States shifted from an increase to a decrease, and reinvested earnings slowed. U.S. liabilities to unaffiliated foreigners reported by U.S. nonbanking concerns increased $166.6 billion in 2007, following an increase of $235.8 billion in 2006. Foreign official assets in the United States increased $412.7 billion in 2007, following an increase of $440.3 billion in 2006. Net U.S. currency shipments to foreigners were $10.9 billion in 2007, down from $12.6 billion in 2006. The statistical discrepancy--errors and omissions in recorded transactions--was a positive $83.6 billion in 2007, compared with a negative $17.8 billion in 2006. In 2007, the U.S. dollar depreciated 6 percent on a trade-weighted yearly average basis against a group of 7 major currencies. Revisions The first three quarters of 2007 were revised to reflect revised seasonal adjustments and, for the third quarter, receipt of new or revised data. Revisions to the first and second quarters were small. In the third quarter, the current-account deficit was revised to $177.4 billion from $178.5 billion. The goods deficit was revised to $200.5 billion from $199.7 billion; the services surplus was revised to $28.0 billion from $26.5 billion; the surplus on income was revised to $21.3 billion from $20.5 billion; and net unilateral current transfers to foreigners were revised to $26.2 billion from $25.8 billion. Net financial inflows were revised to $111.1 billion from $93.4 billion. * * * Release dates in 2008: Fourth quarter and year 2007.....................March 17, 2008 (Monday) First quarter 2008...............................June 17, 2008 (Tuesday) Second quarter 2008.......................September 17, 2008 (Wednesday) Third quarter 2008.........................December 17, 2008 (Wednesday) * * * Summary BEA estimates are available on recorded messages at the time of public release at the following telephone numbers: (202) 606-5306 Gross domestic product -5303 Personal income and outlays BEAs national, international, regional, and industry estimates; the Survey of Current Business; and BEA news releases are available without charge on BEAs Web site at www.bea.gov. By visiting the site, you can also subscribe to receive free e-mail summaries of BEA releases and announcements.