News Release

BEA 00-05

Personal Income, January 2000




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PERSONAL INCOME AND OUTLAYS: JANUARY 2000

Personal income increased $58.6 billion, or 0.7 percent, and disposable personal income (DPI) increased $61.4 billion, or 0.9 percent, in January, according to the Commerce Department's Bureau of Economic Analysis. Personal consumption expenditures (PCE) increased $33.0 billion, or 0.5 percent. In December, personal income increased $21.0 billion, or 0.3 percent, DPI increased $10.0 billion, or 0.1 percent, and PCE increased $68.6 billion, or 1.1 percent, based on revised estimates.


                                                              1999                     2000
                                               Sept.      Oct.      Nov.      Dec.      Jan.
                                                    (Percent change from preceding month)
Personal income, current dollars                 0.1       1.2       0.4       0.3       0.7
Disposable personal income:
   Current dollars                               -.2       1.3        .4        .1        .9
   Chained (1996) dollars                        -.5       1.1        .3        .0        .7

Personal consumption expenditures:
   Current dollars                                .5        .5        .8       1.1        .5
   Chained (1996) dollars                         .2        .3        .7        .9        .3

The January and December changes in personal income were affected by a number of special factors. The January change was boosted by cost-of-living adjustments to federal transfer payment programs, by pay raises for federal civilian and military personnel, and by federal agricultural subsidy payments. The January change was reduced by program changes affecting personal contributions for social insurance and by lump-sum social security benefit payments that had boosted December personal income. The December change was reduced by federal agricultural subsidy payments and by union contract signing bonuses in the manufacturing sector in November. Excluding these special factors, personal income increased $45.8 billion, or 0.6 percent, in January, and increased $48.7 billion, or 0.6 percent, in December. These special factors are discussed more fully below.

Wages and salaries

Private wage and salary disbursements increased $28.5 billion in January, compared with an increase of $28.3 billion in December. Goods-producing industries' payrolls increased $11.3 billion, compared with an increase of $2.0 billion; manufacturing payrolls increased $5.2 billion, in contrast to a decrease of $0.5 billion. The December change in manufacturing payrolls reflected in part the pattern of signing bonuses for union employees in the automotive industries, which were $1.6 billion at an annual rate in November. Distributive industries' payrolls increased $3.1 billion in January, compared with an increase of $16.2 billion in December. Service industries' payrolls increased $14.0 billion, compared with an increase of $10.2 billion.

Government wage and salary disbursements increased $9.8 billion, compared with an increase of $3.3 billion. Pay raises for federal civilian and military personnel added $6.9 billion to government payrolls in January.

Other personal income

Proprietors' income increased $5.6 billion in January, in contrast to a decrease of $18.8 billion in December. Farm proprietors' income increased $0.3 billion, in contrast to a decrease of $24.4 billion. The changes in farm proprietors' income reflected the pattern of specially authorized federal farm subsidy payments, which were $1.6 billion at an annual rate in January, $0.7 billion at an annual rate in December, and $25.2 billion at an annual rate in November . Nonfarm proprietors' income increased $5.3 billion in January, compared with an increase of $5.6 billion in December.

Rental income of persons decreased $0.6 billion in January, compared with a decrease of $4.9 billion in December. The changes in rental income of persons reflected in part the pattern of specially authorized federal agricultural subsidy payments to owners of leased farm land, which were $0.4 billion in January, $0.2 billion in December, and $5.5 billion in November.

Transfer payments increased $10.4 billion in January, compared with an increase of $6.7 billion in December. The changes in transfer payments reflected 2.4-percent cost-of-living adjustments to social security benefits and several other federal transfer payment programs, which added $10.9 billion to January. The January increase in transfer payments was reduced by lump-sum social security benefits payments, which had added $3.7 billion to December transfer payments; these benefit payments resulted from a recalculation of the earnings base underlying the benefits for recent retirees.

Personal interest income increased $4.2 billion in January, compared with an increase of $4.5 billion in December. Personal dividend income increased $2.3 billion, compared with an increase of $2.1 billion.

Personal contributions for social insurance -- a subtraction in calculating personal income -- increased $4.5 billion in January, compared with an increase of $1.8 billion in December. The January increase reflected the effect of an increase in the social security taxable wage base for employees and the self-employed (from $72,600 to $76,200), which added $2.5 billion to January personal contributions for social insurance.

Personal taxes and disposable personal income

Personal tax and nontax payments decreased $2.9 billion in January, in contrast to an increase of $11.1 billion in December. In January, federal income tax payments were reduced by $5.4 billion, reflecting the provisions of the Taxpayer Relief Act of 1997 and the indexation provisions of current tax law.

Disposable personal income (DPI) -- personal income less personal tax and nontax payments -- increased $61.4 billion, or 0.9 percent, in January, compared with an increase of $10.0 billion, or 0.1 percent, in December.

Personal outlays and personal saving

Personal outlays -- PCE, interest paid by persons, and personal transfer payments to the rest of the world (net) -- increased $35.0 billion in January, compared with an increase of $70.8 billion in December. PCE increased $33.0 billion, compared with an increase of $68.6 billion.

Personal saving -- DPI less personal outlays -- was $95.9 billion in January, compared with $69.5 billion in December. Personal saving as a percentage of disposable personal income was 1.4 percent in January, compared with 1.0 percent in December.

Real DPI and real PCE

Real DPI -- DPI adjusted to remove price changes -- increased 0.7 percent in January, in contrast to a slight decrease in December.

Real PCE -- PCE adjusted to remove price changes -- increased 0.3 percent in January, compared with an increase of 0.9 percent in December. Purchases of durable goods increased 0.8 percent, compared with an increase of 1.5 percent. Purchases of motor vehicles and parts accounted for the January increase. Purchases of nondurable goods decreased 0.5 percent in January, in contrast to an increase of 1.6 percent in December. A drop in purchases of food more than accounted for the January decrease. Purchases of services increased 0.6 percent in January, compared with an increase of 0.4 percent in December.

Revisions

Estimates have been revised for October through December. Changes in personal income, current-dollar and chained (1996) dollar DPI, and current-dollar and chained (1996) dollar PCE for November and December -- revised and as published in last month's release -- are shown below. Revisions for October were small.


                                                    Change from preceding month
                                       November                                      December
                          Previous  Revised   Previous  Revised       Previous   Revised    Previous  Revised
                              (Dollars)           (Percent)                (Dollars)             (Percent)

Personal Income:
  Current dollars....        31.2     31.8       0.4      0.4           25.4       21.0        0.3       0.3

Disposable personal income:
  Current dollars....        25.7     26.3        .4       .4           14.0       10.0         .2        .1
  Chained (1996) dollars     17.7     18.0        .3       .3            2.7       -1.5         .0        .0

Personal consumption expenditures:
  Current dollars....        41.5     52.8        .7       .8           51.3       68.6         .8       1.1
  Chained (1996) dollars     33.2     43.6        .5       .7           38.7       54.8         .6        .9


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* * *

Next release -- Personal Income and Outlays for February will be released on
March 31, 2000, at 8:30 A.M. EST.

                                                                                                Table 1. -- Personal Income
                                                                                                 [Billions of dollars]

                                                                                                          Seasonally adjusted at annual rates
                                                              1998         1999                                        1999                             2000
                                                                                        Aug.         Sep.      Oct. /r/     Nov. /r/     Dec. /r/     Jan. /p/

 Personal income                                           7,358.9      7,791.0      7,840.0      7,848.1      7,941.4      7,973.2      7,994.2      8,052.8

    Wage and salary disbursements                          4,186.0      4,472.4      4,508.2      4,528.5      4,556.9      4,569.8      4,601.4      4,639.7
           Private industries                              3,493.2      3,745.9      3,777.6      3,795.6      3,821.2      3,831.4      3,859.7      3,888.2
                Goods-producing industries                 1,038.7      1,082.4      1,087.3      1,093.6      1,101.4      1,100.3      1,102.3      1,113.6
                     Manufacturing                           757.5        779.7        785.2        788.0        793.7        789.3        788.8        794.0
                Distributive industries                      944.6      1,005.8      1,013.1      1,017.3      1,018.8      1,021.1      1,037.3      1,040.4
                Service industries                         1,509.9      1,657.7      1,677.2      1,684.6      1,700.9      1,710.0      1,720.2      1,734.2
           Government                                        692.8        726.5        730.7        732.9        735.7        738.4        741.7        751.5

      Other labor income                                     515.7        535.8        538.6        540.3        541.9        543.7        545.4        548.3

      Proprietors' income with IVA and CCAdj                 606.1        658.5        657.8        650.6        684.1        694.6        675.8        681.4
           Farm                                               25.1         31.4         21.4         18.0         45.3         46.8         22.4         22.7
           Nonfarm                                           581.0        627.1        636.4        632.5        638.7        647.8        653.4        658.7

      Rental income of persons with CCAdj                    137.4        145.9        143.6        128.5        148.1        149.0        144.1        143.5

      Personal dividend income                               348.3        364.3        367.0        369.0        371.1        373.1        375.2        377.5

      Personal interest income                               897.8        930.5        938.8        945.3        950.8        955.6        960.1        964.3

      Transfer payments  to persons                          983.6      1,018.1      1,022.6      1,023.6      1,027.9      1,027.3      1,034.0      1,044.4
           Old-age, survivors, disability, and health
                insurance  benefits                          578.1        596.4        599.4        600.8        604.2        602.4        607.4        616.0
           Government unemployment insurance benefits         19.8         20.3         20.4         20.1         19.8         20.0         20.4         20.0
           Other                                             385.7        401.4        402.8        402.8        403.9        404.9        406.2        408.3

      Less:  Personal contributions for social insurance     315.9        334.6        336.6        337.8        339.3        340.0        341.8        346.3

      p  Preliminary.
      r  Revised.
      IVA  Inventory valuation adjustment.
      CCAdj  Capital consumption adjustment.

      Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis.

                                                                                 Table 2. -- The Disposition of Personal Income
                                                                                             [Billions of dollars]

                                                                                                      Seasonally adjusted at annual rates
                                                          1998         1999                                        1999                             2000
                                                                                  Aug.         Sep.        Oct. /r/     Nov. /r/     Dec. /r/     Jan. /p/

  Personal income                                      7,358.9      7,791.0      7,840.0      7,848.1      7,941.4      7,973.2      7,994.2      8,052.8

  Less: Personal tax and nontax payments               1,072.6      1,151.9      1,151.0      1,170.7      1,175.8      1,181.3      1,192.4      1,189.5

  Equals: Disposable personal income                   6,286.2      6,639.0      6,689.0      6,677.4      6,765.6      6,791.9      6,801.9      6,863.3

  Less: Personal outlays                               6,056.6      6,483.5      6,537.7      6,571.0      6,606.5      6,661.6      6,732.4      6,767.4

       Personal consumption expenditures               5,848.6      6,257.3      6,309.9      6,342.2      6,376.1      6,428.9      6,497.5      6,530.5
       Interest paid by persons                          185.7        201.7        203.3        204.4        205.3        207.6        209.8        211.8
       Personal transfer payments to the
            rest of the world (net)                       22.3         24.4         24.5         24.5         25.1         25.1         25.1         25.1

  Equals: Personal saving                                229.7        155.5        151.4        106.4        159.1        130.3         69.5         95.9

  Addenda:

       Disposable personal income:

            Chained (1996) dollars /1/                 6,125.1      6,367.2      6,403.5      6,373.3      6,443.9      6,461.9      6,460.4      6,503.9

            Per capita:
                 Current dollars                        23,231       24,304       24,455       24,390       24,692       24,769       24,788       24,997
                 Chained (1996) dollars                 22,636       23,309       23,411       23,280       23,517       23,565       23,544       23,688
            Population (thousands)                     270,595      273,161      273,520      273,773      274,005      274,209      274,399      274,562

       Personal saving as a percentage of
            disposable personal income                     3.7          2.3          2.3          1.6          2.4          1.9          1.0          1.4

  p  Preliminary.
  r  Revised.
     1.  Disposable personal income in chained (1996) dollars equals the current-dollar figure divided by
  the implicit price deflator for personal consumption expenditures.

  Source:  U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis.

                                                                  Table 3. -- Personal Income and Its Disposition, Change From Preceding Period
                                                                                                       [Billions of dollars]

                                                                                                   Seasonally adjusted at annual rates
                                                        1998        1999                                             1999                          2000
                                                                                 Aug.         Sep.       Oct. /r/    Nov. /r/      Dec. /r/      Jan. /p/

 Personal income                                       407.8       432.1         34.0          8.1         93.3         31.8         21.0         58.6

      Wage and salary disbursements                    297.1       286.4         16.8         20.3         28.4         12.9         31.6         38.3
           Private industries                          268.8       252.7         13.4         18.0         25.6         10.2         28.3         28.5
                Goods-producing industries              63.2        43.7         -2.5          6.3          7.8         -1.1          2.0         11.3
                     Manufacturing                      38.7        22.2         -0.8          2.8          5.7         -4.4         -0.5          5.2
                Distributive industries                 65.5        61.2          3.3          4.2          1.5          2.3         16.2          3.1
                Service industries                     140.1       147.8         12.6          7.4         16.3          9.1         10.2         14.0
           Government                                   28.4        33.7          3.5          2.2          2.8          2.7          3.3          9.8

      Other labor income                                14.8        20.1          1.9          1.7          1.6          1.8          1.7          2.9

      Proprietors' income with IVA and CCAdj            27.5        52.4          4.1         -7.2         33.5         10.5        -18.8          5.6
           Farm                                         -4.4         6.3         -2.1         -3.4         27.3          1.5        -24.4          0.3
           Nonfarm                                      31.9        46.1          6.2         -3.9          6.2          9.1          5.6          5.3

      Rental income of persons with CCAdj                7.2         8.5         -1.3        -15.1         19.6          0.9         -4.9         -0.6

      Personal dividend income                          14.9        16.0          2.1          2.0          2.1          2.0          2.1          2.3

      Personal interest income                          42.9        32.7          6.4          6.5          5.5          4.8          4.5          4.2

      Transfer payments to persons                      21.2        34.5          4.8          1.0          4.3         -0.6          6.7         10.4
           Old-age, survivors, disability, and health
                insurance benefits                      12.3        18.3          2.6          1.4          3.4         -1.8          5.0          8.6
           Government unemployment insurance benefits   -0.2         0.5          0.2         -0.3         -0.3          0.2          0.4         -0.4
           Other                                         9.1        15.7          2.0          0.0          1.1          1.0          1.3          2.1

      Less: Personal contributions for social
           insurance                                    17.8        18.7          0.9          1.2          1.5          0.7          1.8          4.5

 Less: Personal tax and nontax payments                104.3        79.3         -8.5         19.7          5.1          5.5         11.1         -2.9

 Equals: Disposable personal income                    303.4       352.8         42.5        -11.6         88.2         26.3         10.0         61.4

 Less: Personal outlays                                344.9       426.9         52.0         33.3         35.5         55.1         70.8         35.0

      Personal consumption expenditures                324.2       408.7         50.8         32.3         33.9         52.8         68.6         33.0
      Interest paid by persons                          19.0        16.0          1.2          1.1          0.9          2.3          2.2          2.0
      Personal transfer payments to the rest of the
           world (net)                                   1.7         2.1          0.0          0.0          0.6          0.0          0.0          0.0

 Equals: Personal saving                               -41.4       -74.2         -9.4        -45.0         52.7        -28.8        -60.8         26.4

 Addendum:
      Disposable personal income,
           chained (1996) dollars                      240.5       242.1         25.7        -30.2         70.6         18.0         -1.5         43.5

 p  Preliminary.
 r  Revised.
 IVA  Inventory valuation adjustment.
 CCAdj  Capital consumption adjustment.

 Source:  U.S.  Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis.

                                                       Table 4. -- Personal Consumption Expenditures by Major Type of Product

                                                                                                     Seasonally adjusted at annual rates
                                                         1998         1999                                             1999                        2000
                                                                                  Aug.        Sep.        Oct. /r/     Nov. /r/     Dec. /r/     Jan. /p/

                                                                                               Billions of current dollars

 Personal consumption expenditures                    5,848.6      6,257.3      6,309.9      6,342.2      6,376.1      6,428.9      6,497.5      6,530.5
      Durable goods                                     698.2        758.6        765.7        766.6        767.0        784.9        794.1        799.8
      Nondurable goods                                1,708.9      1,842.7      1,854.9      1,870.4      1,883.5      1,895.8      1,933.5      1,926.7
      Services                                        3,441.5      3,656.0      3,689.2      3,705.1      3,725.6      3,748.2      3,769.9      3,804.1

                                                                                        Billions of chained (1996) dollars

 Personal consumption expenditures                    5,698.6      6,000.9      6,040.5      6,053.3      6,072.9      6,116.5      6,171.3      6,188.6
      Durable goods                                     731.5        815.7        826.0        826.9        828.8        849.3        861.7        868.9
      Nondurable goods                                1,685.3      1,775.8      1,782.6      1,783.3      1,792.5      1,805.7      1,833.7      1,824.8
      Services                                        3,284.5      3,417.4      3,440.3      3,451.3      3,459.8      3,471.8      3,487.3      3,506.7

                                                                               Implicit price deflators (Index numbers, 1996 = 100)

 Personal consumption expenditures                     102.63       104.27       104.46       104.77       104.99       105.11       105.28       105.53
      Durable goods                                     95.45        93.00        92.71        92.71        92.54        92.42        92.15        92.04
      Nondurable goods                                 101.40       103.77       104.06       104.88       105.08       104.99       105.44       105.58
      Services                                         104.78       106.98       107.24       107.35       107.68       107.96       108.10       108.48

                                                                                         Change From Preceding Period
                                                                                          Billions of current dollars

 Personal consumption expenditures                      324.2        408.7         50.8         32.3         33.9         52.8         68.6         33.0
      Durable goods                                      55.3         60.4         12.6          0.9          0.4         17.9          9.2          5.7
      Nondurable goods                                   67.2        133.9         18.5         15.5         13.1         12.3         37.7         -6.8
      Services                                          201.7        214.5         19.7         15.9         20.5         22.6         21.7         34.2

                                                                                         Billions of chained (1996) dollars

 Personal consumption expenditures                      264.9        302.3         34.5         12.8         19.6         43.6         54.8         17.3
      Durable goods                                      74.1         84.2         15.2          0.9          1.9         20.5         12.4          7.2
      Nondurable goods                                   65.4         90.5         10.7          0.7          9.2         13.2         28.0         -8.9
      Services                                          127.8        132.9         10.0         11.0          8.5         12.0         15.5         19.4

                                                           Table 5.-- Percent Change From Preceding Period in Selected Series
                                                                                               Based on current dollars

 Personal income                                          5.9          5.9          0.4          0.1          1.2          0.4          0.3          0.7
 Disposable personal income                               5.1          5.6          0.6         -0.2          1.3          0.4          0.1          0.9

 Personal consumption expenditures                        5.9          7.0          0.8          0.5          0.5          0.8          1.1          0.5
      Durable goods                                       8.6          8.7          1.7          0.1          0.0          2.3          1.2          0.7
      Nondurable goods                                    4.1          7.8          1.0          0.8          0.7          0.7          2.0         -0.4
      Services                                            6.2          6.2          0.5          0.4          0.6          0.6          0.6          0.9

                                                                                            Based on chained (1996) dollars

 Disposable personal income                               4.1          4.0          0.4         -0.5          1.1          0.3          0.0          0.7

 Personal consumption expenditures                        4.9          5.3          0.6          0.2          0.3          0.7          0.9          0.3
      Durable goods                                      11.3         11.5          1.9          0.1          0.2          2.5          1.5          0.8
      Nondurable goods                                    4.0          5.4          0.6          0.0          0.5          0.7          1.6         -0.5
      Services                                            4.0          4.0          0.3          0.3          0.2          0.3          0.4          0.6

 p  Preliminary.
 r  Revised.

 Source:  U.S.  Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis.